Author: Murray Dawes

  • Capital Flight Out of Greece

    Yesterday we watched the market open up 41 points on the back of a positive lead from the US markets. By 10:30am the high was in and the ASX200 turned down and sold off in a straight line for 100 points closing down 58 points at 4594.

    Asian markets also came in for a belting with Japan down 2.4% and Hong Kong down 1.5% over the day and the release of Toll Holdings results at Midday only saw an acceleration of the selling pressure with Toll closing the day down 18% after missing earnings expectations by a long shot.

    An article in the UK Telegraph stated that Greece’s Deputy PM had lashed out at Germany over war-time atrocities and accused Italy of cooking its books. This seems like a fairly dumb thing to do when you are hoping that Germany might hand over some cash to help you out of the hole you’ve dug yourself.

    But no, instead of grovelling the deputy PM said “They (the Nazis) took away the gold that was in the bank of Greece, and they never gave it back. They shouldn’t complain so much about stealing and not being very specific about economic dealings”. Nice one.

    I’m guessing the Germans aren’t going to be too impressed by the ‘Nazi’ reference.

    The Australian Dollar also came under pressure which points to offshore funds possibly unwinding the carry trade which would have added to the selling pressure here.

    The most interesting thing I read this week was about the beginnings of capital flight out of Greece. According to the Wall Street Journal, wealthy Greeks are moving their cash out of Greece and sending it offshore due to their fear of increased government scrutiny on assets and the possibility of a run on the banks should Greece be forced to go cap-in-hand to the IMF.

    $8 Billion Euro has moved out of Greece to accounts abroad since December, which is a substantial chunk of the $30 Billion Euro under management in Greeks private banks.

    I’m thinking this is probably not a good sign…

    Also in Greece the general strike has spilled over into violence, with clashes between hooded youths and riot police in Athens. Chants of “burn the banks” were heard. All of this before Greece has even started tightening their belt.

    In other news during the week we have seen American consumer confidence fall off a cliff and new home sales plummet 11% on the month in the U.S. This fall is due to the end of the $8,000 credit given to home buyers. Sound familiar?

    This news is not the sign of an economy on the mend. The US markets were hit by this news but recovered later in the week unlike our market which has continued to sell off.

    Technically, In the ASX200 The downtrend from January appears to be reasserting itself after retracing 50% of the sell-off in the last couple of weeks and this makes the next few weeks price action very important.

    ASX200 daily chart

    If you look at the chart you can see our market has been in a long sideways consolidation for the past 5 months. We have had 2 false breaks of either edge of the range; with the most recent being the false break of the 4500 low from early November. This false break has seen a rally back to the midpoint of the range which I call the Point of control of the whole structure at 4700. This is a very important point and is often resistance or support before an attempt to break out of the range.

    If the market were to turn back up and take out this 4700 area on good volume, you could be confident that the uptrend of the past year had reasserted itself and you could expect a move to the high of the distribution at 4950 and from there potentially a rally to new highs for this uptrend.

    Conversely, if the market were to continue to sell-off over the next few weeks and then bust through the recent lows around 4464, there is the potential that this could signal the failure of the last 5 months range and also the end of the uptrend that has been in place for the past year.

    The 10 day/35 day moving average is showing an intermediate downtrend for only the second time since the rally began a year ago. The first time was a false signal but this time may be different.

    If we do sell-off below 4464 we could see some dramatic panic selling as any new long positions of the past 5 months are cleared out and the long term downtrend of the past few years rears its head. There is no reason why the market couldn’t start a downtrend from there that heads towards the lows from March 2008.

    Fundamentally I believe this is what should ultimately occur and with the news that’s floating around at the moment there is no reason why this won’t be the case.

    Where the catalyst will come from to reignite the fear in the market is anyone’s guess, but there are so many to choose from now, in my opinion it’s only a matter of time.

    For example the front page of the Wall Street Journal said that “Spain is the real test case for the Euro”. With 19% unemployment and a couple of years of negative growth in a row it doesn’t take much imagination to see that Spain is in a lot of trouble. The cracks in the Euro are getting bigger and bigger by the day.

    China is the other big area of concern. Joint research by Holdways and Knight Frank showed the average prices of new homes in urban Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen were up 66%, 68% and 51% respectively in November, from a year earlier. This sounds a lot like a bubble to me. And when it pops Australia is going to hear it loud and clear.

    The US has a huge problem brewing in their commercial real estate. The Congressional Oversight Panel released a report into “Commercial Real Estate Losses and the Risk to Financial Stability”. In it they said that “over the next few years, a wave of commercial real estate loan failures could threaten America’s already weakened financial system. Between 2010 and 2014, about $1.4 trillion in commercial real estate loans will reach the end of their terms. Nearly half are at present “underwater”. Losses at banks alone could range as high as $200-$300 billion. The stress tests conducted last year for 19 major financial institutions examined their capital reserves only through the end of 2010.”

    “A significant wave of commercial mortgage defaults would trigger economic damage that could touch the lives of nearly every American. Empty office complexes, hotels, and retail stores could lead directly to lost jobs. Foreclosures on apartment complexes could push families out of their residences, even if they had never missed a rent payment. Banks that suffer, or are afraid of suffering, commercial mortgage losses could grow even more reluctant to lend, which could in turn further reduce access to credit for more businesses and families and accelerate a negative economic cycle”.

    When looking at the situation this way it’s hard to come up with an argument about how the world is going to muddle through from here without suffering another crisis and another dip back into recession.

    This rally has always had a time limit on it and we have said over and over again that it was due to government intervention anyway. The Keynesian game of borrowing more and more money to prop up the economy cannot possibly go on ad infinitum. None of the politicians will ever admit this of course because it is in their interests to borrow against your future to make themselves look like heroes and so they can act like they are “doing” something to help us.

    But people, by and large, aren’t stupid. They know what’s going on. And the really clever ones are moving now to protect themselves before the music stops.

    Murray Dawes
    Editor, Slipstream Trader
    for The Daily Reckoning Australia

    Similar Posts:

  • What is Short Selling?

    Most of the time investors buy shares in a company because they believe the share price will rise. You buy as low as you can. Then you hope the share price rises. You’ve probably heard the expression ‘buy low, sell high’. But what if you expect a share price to fall? That’s where short selling comes in.

    I know short selling sounds complicated, but it isn’t. In fact, there isn’t a lot of difference between short selling and buying shares. If there is one big difference it’s this: when you sell a stock short you are SELLING the stock first and BUYING it second. This is the opposite of a normal share transaction where you are BUYING the stock first and SELLING it second.

    Let’s look at how a hypothetical trade is structured.

    Stock: XYZ Ltd
    Short Sell at $5.00
    Initial target: $4.00

    Note how the initial target price is below the current share price. Because we want the share price to fall, our first profit opportunity comes when the share price trades below $5.00. In this example, you expect the price to fall to $4.00. Based on this, you would make a 20% profit, if the price moves as you expect.

    If you can’t grasp the concept of how you can sell something you don’t own, let me give you an understanding by explaining what goes on behind the scenes when you ask your broker to short sell a stock for you.

    The following is how a conversation with your broker could sound:

    “Hello, this is Big Money Brokers.”

    “Hello, I would like to place a trade to short sell XYZ Ltd shares, but can you give me the current price first?”

    “OK, please can I have your account number?”

    “My account number is XXXXXXXX.”

    “The current price of XYZ Ltd is $5.00. How many shares of XYZ Ltd would you like to short sell?”

    “I would like to short sell 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd at a limit price of $5.00 please.”

    “OK, I’ll need to make sure that we can borrow the stock. Are you able to hold?”

    “Yes, that’s fine.”

    At this point the broker needs to check with his back office people to make sure they can borrow shares of XYZ Ltd. Why? Here’s where knowing the mechanics of short selling is useful. When you’re short selling you don’t actually own the shares in order to sell them. So, what do you do?

    As you don’t own the shares, you’ll need to borrow them from someone who does. Your broker will contact his back office to find out if the shares can be borrowed.

    The broker’s back office will contact a financial institution such as a bank and ask them if they have 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd they can borrow. If they do they’ll send those shares electronically to your broker. Once the broker has received confirmation from his back office that the 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd have been borrowed the broker can relay that information to you…

    “We can borrow 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd. Would you like to go ahead and short sell 1,000 XYZ Ltd at $5.00?”

    “Yes, please go ahead and short sell 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd at a limit price of $5.00.”

    The broker will either confirm the trade has been completed immediately or he/she will send you a confirmation later that day.

    “I can confirm we have short sold 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd at $5.00 for a total amount of $5,000 less commission of $50.”

    “Thank you.”

    You hang up the phone having completed the trade.

    So, what happens next? Well, you now wait for the shares of XYZ Ltd to fall to the initial target price of $4.00.

    When this happens you contact your broker to take the profits…

    “Hello, this is Big Money Brokers.”

    “Hello, I have a short position of 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd; I would like to place an order to buy back the shares to close the trade. Please can you give me the current price?”

    “Sure, what is your account number?”

    “My account number is XXXXXXXX.”

    “OK, you have an open short position of 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd. The current price of XYZ Ltd is $4.00.”

    “Thank you. Please cover my short position by buying back 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd at a limit price of $4.00.”

    “No problem, just confirming you would like me to cover your short position by buying back 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd at a limit price of $4.00.”

    “Yes, that’s correct.”

    Your broker will either confirm the trade with you immediately or he/she will send you a confirmation later that day.

    “I can confirm we have bought back 1,000 shares of XYZ Ltd at $4.00 for $4,000, plus a commission charge of $50. Your short position is now closed.”

    “Thank you, goodbye.”

    That’s it, the trade is complete. You sold the shares at $5.00 and then you covered your position by buying back later for $4.00. “Covering” your position just means that you’ve bought the shares on the market to close the trade. The difference of $1 per share is your profit. You ‘sold high’ and ‘bought low.’

    Now, as far as you’re concerned the transaction is complete. But for the broker there’s one extra step for them.

    Remember that the shares you short sold weren’t yours. You borrowed them from a bank. Well, when you borrow something you need to give it back eventually.

    And that’s exactly what your broker will do. After the shares have been bought back through the stock exchange the broker’s back office will arrange for the shares to be transferred electronically back to the bank.

    Hopefully by now you’ll see how simple it is. Short selling just means selling the stock first and then buying it back later. The difference is your profit.

    Of course, if the share price goes up after you’ve short sold then you lose out, as you have to cover your position (buy the shares) at a higher price.

    Some investors think short selling is unethical. After all, you’re betting that a share price will fall. Does that seem fair?

    Of course it does! Short sellers often provide a valuable service. Wall Street and Collins Street are often an enormous hype machine, determined to sell investors stocks even if the companies themselves have doubtful prospects for long-term success.

    Short sellers help alert other investors to particular cases where a company is being mismanaged. In recent years, short sellers have been some of the first to uncover fraud at major companies like Enron. And experienced investors often use short selling as a way to hedge their portfolio, which is generally biased toward buy-and-hold (or bullish) investments.

    All the best,

    Murray Dawes
    Technical Analyst, Slipstream Trader

    Similar Posts: