Author: Richard MacManus

  • Sensors to Help You Get Fit – From Nike, Adidas & Others

    One of the trends we’re exploring this year is how the Internet is being integrated into everyday objects. Called the Internet of Things, it’s seeping into some massive consumer industries. One of them is fitness. Many of you have heard of the Nike+ running shoes, which sends running data to your iPod via a sensor. Adidas recently joined the race to connect your running gear to the Internet, with its miCoach system. There is also the Wii Fit and innovative Web fitness services like NordicTrack’s iFit.

    Keep up, because tracking your fitness progress on the Internet – via sensors attached to your body or workout gear – is going to become very popular.

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    A recent USA Today article notes the increasing usage of Web-enabled products that help you monitor your workouts and give you real-time coaching. The Nike+ shoes and iPod system is one of the market leaders.

    The Nike+ shoes come with a sensor that tracks your run, then sends the data to your iPod. It even has its own social network. And what Web product circa 2010 doesn’t come with a Twitter and Facebook connection? Sure enough, the Nike+ can automatically tweet and post a status report on Facebook.

    Meanwhile the Adidas miCoach PACER is a running pacer device that retails for $140. The bundle includes a Heart Rate Monitor and a "Stride Sensor" – a battery-operated sensor that fits into your shoe.

    The miCoach Pacer can also verbally coach the runner during their run, "to ensure that they are staying within their targeted heart rate zone."

    There’s an accompanying website, where users can create training plans, set goals and monitor their progress.

    Let us know if you currently use an Internet-connected fitness system, especially if it makes use of sensors.

    Discuss


  • Weekly Wrapup: The Week in Web Technology

    weekly_wrapup-1.pngThe big news of the week was the keenly awaited announcement of Apple’s new tablet, called the iPad. Read on for our extensive coverage and analysis of this news. We also continued our exploration of the significant Internet trends of 2010, including Real-Time Web, Mobile Web, Internet of Things and Augmented Reality.

    New! We’ve refreshed the format for our longest running feature, the Weekly Wrapup. It now focuses more explicitly on the key trends that ReadWriteWeb is tracking in 2010, as well as giving you the highlights from the leading story of the week (in this case, iPad). Let us know your thoughts on the new format.

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    Apple Announces The iPad

    More iPad coverage and analysis

    Mobile Web

    More Mobile Web coverage

    Announcing The ReadWriteWeb iPhone App

    We’re really excited to announce the official ReadWriteWeb iPhone app! As well as enabling you to read ReadWriteWeb while on the go or lying on the couch, we’ve made it easy to share ReadWriteWeb posts directly from your iPhone, on Twitter and Facebook. You can also follow the RWW team on Twitter, directly from the app. We invite you to download it now from iTunes.

    Internet of Things

    More Internet of Things coverage

    Augmented Reality

    More Augmented Reality coverage. Also ReadWriteWeb is currently working on our next premium research report on the topic of AR marketing. Watch this space for that.

    Real-Time Web

    More Real-Time Web coverage. Don’t miss the next wave of opportunity on the Web supported by real-time technology! Get ReadWriteWeb’s report, The Real-Time Web and its Future.

    ReadWriteStart

    ReadWriteStartOur channel ReadWriteStart, sponsored by Microsoft BizSpark, is dedicated to profiling startups and entrepreneurs.

    ReadWriteEnterprise

    ReadWriteEnterpriseOur channel ReadWriteEnterprise is devoted to ‘enterprise 2.0’ and using social software inside organizations.

    ReadWriteCloud

    ReadWriteCloudOur channel ReadWriteCloud, sponsored by VMware and Intel, dedicated to Virtualization and Cloud Computing.

    That’s a wrap for another week! Enjoy your weekend everyone.

    Discuss


  • The Emerging Era of Alert Services – For Almost Anything

    As ever more data flows onto the Web, we need tools to track changes in that data and alert us to new data that we’re interested in. Examples of data that can be tracked include shopping deals, places, companies, home prices, sports scores, local events, even crime reports! Add to that emerging Internet of Things sources such as sensor data, RFID tags, proximity, and more.

    Last week we listed and categorized some of the leading topic-tracking tools on the Web (see also the follow-up post). The tools we listed were geared towards tracking news or media information on the Web. In this post, we look at a leading service that tracks more discrete, faster changing types of data.

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    Trackle is an impressive alerts service that we first reviewed a year ago. Other similar services we’ve covered before are Yotify and Alerts.com. In our first review of Trackle, we were impressed by "the sheer quantity of alerts they’ve made available." It’s expanded since then – you can see the current list here and in the screenshot below.

    Tracking shopping deals is the most immediate commercial application for alert services that go beyond ‘topics.’

    Trackle offers a large selection of feeds to subscribe to, including coupons, product price drops,
    deals on Amazon (tracking when the price for a product falls within a price range you’re willing to pay), new product reviews, product recalls, daily deals, latest buzz in shopping, price protection
    ("…find out if the price of a recent purchase drops in time to apply for a rebate or partial refund.").

    That selection from Trackle is impressive and will grow even more when data from sensors and RFID tags are added in the near future.

    Imagine for example getting notified, when you walk into a bookstore, that a book you have on your wishlist is available on special in that store. Or you’re doing your groceries and your phone alerts you to a deal in the store that day on blueberries, which you’ve marked as your favorite fruit and something that you want to track the price of. These kinds of scenarios could be achieved with a combination of services like Trackle, your smartphone, and RFID tags on product items.

    Those examples are just a starter for ten, we can expect more sophisticated alert systems to evolve once Internet of Things ramps up in retail stores and elsewhere.

    For now, let us know in the comments your favorite alert services!

    Discuss


  • IBM CEO on Lessons & Opportunities in Internet of Things

    Earlier this month IBM CEO Sam Palmisano gave a speech in London, in which he discussed IBM’s products and services in the Internet of Things. He also outlined what IBM sees as emerging opportunities for "smart systems" over the coming decade. It was a significant speech, given that IBM has been probably the leading large tech company promoting the Internet of Things up till now.

    When you consider that trillions of sensors will be deployed worldwide in the coming decade and the interest in Internet of Things from such high-ranking officials as China’s Premier, IBM’s use cases so far and its evolving strategy is definitely worth taking note of.

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    IBM’s ‘Smarter Planet’ campaign and accompanying Tumblr blog have been in operation since November 2008. This strategy is about connecting objects to the Internet and applying intelligence and services on top of that.

    Palmisano noted one of the key points about Internet of Things early in his speech – it puts computational power into "things no one would recognize as computers." Things like "cars, appliances, roadways and rail lines, power grids, clothes." He also mentioned processes and global supply chains, non-sexy markets that have proven to be early commercial successes for the company in Internet of Things. Finally, Palmisano pointed to implementation in "natural systems, such as agriculture and waterways."

    He explained that "intelligence" can be gleaned off all of this data, "because we now have the processing power and advanced analytics to make sense of it all."

    IBM claims to have developed 1,200 "smarter solutions" so far. Palmisano said that "in four cities where IBM has helped deploy congestion management solutions, traffic volume during peak periods has been reduced by up to 18 percent, CO2 emissions from motor vehicles were reduced by up to 14 percent, and public transit use increased by up to 7 percent." He listed other examples from healthcare, banking, power metering and retailing.

    However, Palmisano cautioned that while the "technology may be ready, […] your culture may not be." He talked about one of IBM’s customers, Rosenau Transport in Canada. That company took over two years to implement a new ‘smart’ trucking system.

    Another key thing to note about Internet of Things is the sheer volume of data that will flow through the Internet in the coming years. Palmisano remarked that "we are amassing an unimaginable amount of data in the world." He claimed that in three years time, IP traffic "is expected to total more than half a zettabyte" (which equals a trillion gigabytes).

    He also said that "all this data is far more real-time than ever before" – which of course is another trend that ReadWriteWeb has been tracking closely.

    Palmisano didn’t neglect to mention the "disquieting implications" of the Internet of Things. In particular, privacy and security. However, he didn’t give any reassurances on this front – other than to say that IBM is part of several coalitions, such as the Global Intelligent Utility Network Coalition and the Patient-Centered Primary Care Collaborative. He rather blandly added, "they [privacy and security] will require serious consideration and collaborative decision making across all the stakeholders of civil society."

    Overall, we continue to be impressed by IBM’s commitment to Internet of Things. It is leading the way in technology and implementation. The privacy implications (in particular) will potentially be a roadblock in some areas, together with the continuing difficulties of implementing technology such as RFID. So it will be interesting to see how IBM deals with those two issues over 2010.

    Discuss


  • Top Tools For Tracking Topics on the Web

    Tracking topics on the Web can be a painful process, due to the amount of noise and difficulty of filtering it. So to help you out, we’ve selected and categorized the leading topic tracking tools. This is based on the discussion that arose from our earlier post about topic feeds, which are RSS feeds for keywords or phrases.

    During the process of analyzing these topic tracking tools, we discovered – to our surprise – that not many of these services output results as RSS. Some of the leading apps in this field require users to visit their service. With that in mind, here is our full list and analysis.

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    Feed and/or Email Services

    These are services which output RSS and/or other formats, such as email notification. We think this type of topic feed tool is the most flexible, particularly when it outputs RSS. With RSS feed output, you can do further filtering or grouping of the feeds inside an RSS Reader like Google Reader or Netvibes.

    The most common such tool is probably Google Alerts. However we were impressed with Topikality and PubSub, which both output RSS. Swamii and Woofeed don’t output RSS (we wish they would), but at least they offer email notifications.

    • Google Alerts
    • PubSub
    • Yahoo Pipes
    • Topikality
    • Swamii (just email, no RSS)
    • Woofeed (just email or mobile, no RSS)

    Destination Services

    These services don’t output RSS or emails for topic searches. That’s not necessarily a bad thing, it just means you have to visit the destination site to see results every day. I’ve been impressed recently with the user interface and features of LazyFeed, Regator and My6Sense – they’re all worth checking out.

    • LazyFeed
    • Regator
    • My6Sense
    • Technorati
    • Ensembli (offers email digests)
    • Guzzle.it
    • Cascaad

    Social Filter

    These services show what is popular or new amongst their respective communities. There are many other such services, so the following is just a sample:

    • Twitter search (e.g. for hashtags)
    • Delicious feeds

    Community Curated

    Similar to Social Filter services, only these have a specific community driving the output of stories. Again the below is a small sample:

    • Digg
    • Reddit
    • Hacker News
    • Slashdot

    People Curated

    Topic-focused blogs (such as ReadWriteWeb!) are great for tracking topics on the Web. In recent times, light blogging services have offered an easy way for individuals or small groups of people to curate information on a given topic.

    • Tumblr
    • Posterous
    • Favit

    Aggregators / Portals

    These services aggregate, or group, news and other stories around a specific topic.

    • Tweetmeme
    • Eqentia
    • Alltop
    • Google Fast-Flip feeds

    Misc

    We couldn’t easily classify these ones, but maybe you can in the comments!

    • Google Trends
    • MashLogic

    We hope this post is a starter for you to explore topic feeds. Let us know what apps we missed in the comments, as well as your thoughts on our categorization.

    Discuss


  • Mobile Web Meets Internet of Things: Barcode Scanning

    Two of the biggest trends we tracked last year were Mobile Web and Internet of Things. In a new series on ReadWriteWeb, which we’re calling Mobile Web Meets Internet of Things, we’ll explore how these two important trends are converging and look at some cutting edge example products. We start with barcode scanning…

    Internet of Things is when everyday objects become connected to the Internet, via technologies such as RFID tags, sensors and barcodes. One trend we saw expanding in 2008-09 was mobile phones being deployed as readers for barcodes.

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    Increasingly, smartphones such as the iPhone, BlackBerry and Android devices offer applications that allow you to scan a barcode on a product or object and get more information about it.

    The Technology

    Barcodes are similar to RFID tags, in that they both hold data. RFID tags are generally more functional and flexible than barcodes. Also RFID tags can be read/write, whereas barcodes cannot. However the big advantage for barcodes is that they’re cheaper, therefore we’re more likely to see scanning as a consumer activity ramp up in the U.S. via barcodes.

    The most popular form of 2D barcode is the QR Code (the QR stands for "Quick Response"), which became popular in Japan and is now gaining traction in the U.S. and other markets.

    The Products

    In a series of posts written over September 2008, Sarah Perez analyzed the then burgeoning "scannable world." As Sarah explained, barcode scanning is not a new technology on the Web. One of the first examples was :CueCat, a cat-shaped barcode reader from the late 1990s. It linked a user to a website by scanning a barcode in an article or other printed matter. CueCat never took off because it required a separate piece of hardware, but now in 2010 smartphones are the hardware.

    There’s also no shortage of software circa 2010, such as ScanLife and the NeoReader app described in Part 2 of Sarah’s Scannable World series. Other barcode reading apps are listed in Part 3 of that series.

    There are a variety of use cases for barcodes on the Web. They include Semapedia.org (a non-profit project that aims to augment the physical world with Wikipedia data), QRContact (contact management via barcodes), and barcode wearables such as p8tch ("Think of it as a TinyURL you can wear"). But none of these is likely to become widely used in the mainstream, at least in the near future.

    What Will be The Tipping Point?

    In Japan, barcode scanning is already a popular activity thanks to the culture of using mobile phones for just about everything. In the U.S., where the Mobile Web took longer to ramp up, barcodes are yet to catch on. However there’s one market where barcode scanning could become a mainstream activity in the U.S. and other countries. No, not magazine publishing – although there are valid advertising use cases there. We’re talking about scanning retail products using your mobile phone.

    By the end of 2009, a lot of barcode scanning apps had gained popularity in the iPhone and Android, in particular. In November we listed our picks for scanning and other mobile shopping apps to test over Black Friday.

    There is no clear winner yet in the shopping barcodes market, but here are some applications you may want to try:

    Thanks to followers of @rww on Twitter, who suggested some of those.

    Will Consumers Adopt Barcode Scanning?

    As well as adoption by retailers, another big question is: will consumers want to interact with real world products using their mobile phones? I suspect they will, once they begin to see compelling reasons for doing so – which will probably involve getting the best deals and being able to do advanced shopping comparison very easily.

    Finally, it’s worth noting that Google is active in barcodes. Google’s Favorite Places program allows local businesses to put a sticker on their products which features Google’s logo, a scannable barcode and a message reading “We’re a favorite place on Google.”

    Barcode scanning and its applications will grow during 2010, meaning more and more real world data will be connected to the Internet and accessed on your mobile phone. There are many apps trying to entice consumers to wave their mobile phone in front of products, so let us know your favorites in the comments.

    Image credits: clevercupcakes; Stan; ScanLife

    Discuss


  • Web Apps Meet Consumer Electronics at CES

    The 2010 edition of the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) gets into full swing today and already we’re seeing a big trend emerging: web applications being ported to consumer electronics, from the technology inside cars to Web-enabled TVs.

    Yesterday we noted that online music service Pandora will be made available in cars, courtesy of a new Pioneer device that will begin selling in March. The pricey $1,200 device detects users’ Pandora settings via their iPhones. Other evidence of this trend can be found in Ford’s announcement of a new in-car system and Samsung’s latest Internet-connected TV.

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    Web Apps in Your Car

    This morning Ford CEO Alan Mulally delivered an opening keynote address at CES, unveiling Ford’s latest car technologies. One of the things he announced is MyFord, an Internet-enabled "cabin tech" system. As reported by CNET, MyFord will include two 4.2-inch color LCDs: one for vehicle information such as engine speed, temperature, and trip data; and the other for audio, phone, and navigation information. A third LCD screen is added if the system is upgraded to ‘MyFord Touch’. Check out the Motor Trend website for more detailed information.

    The online music integration in MyFord is one example of the slick smartphone-like functionality becoming available in cars. MyFord will include HD radio with song tagging, which lets users find more information about an artist or song on the Web.

    MyFord also has a unified music library, which lets users browse music from a variety of onboard audio sources.

    In December Ford announced that its SYNC-enabled vehicles will become rolling WiFi hotspots – enabling passengers to connect to the Internet when a cellular modem is plugged into the car’s USB slot. At CES, Ford announced it will include a Web browser that displays on the MyFord Touch 8-inch LCD.

    Web Apps on Your TV

    The car is just one of many consumer products being Web-ized. The TV has been a focus of innovation for Internet technology for a few years now.

    At CES Samsung has announced its new LED 9000 model TV, using Samsung’s Internet@TV technology. This television is connected to the internet via Wi-Fi and is able to hold up to 100 apps. Consumers will receive a handful of free web apps when they buy the TV set. Other apps will be released by vendors and may cost money. An early example is one Napster announced at CES – a free Napster TV widget which provides access to the Napster subscription music service.

    We know that more and more real world objects are being connected to the Internet – a trend that we track closely called Internet of Things. But this is slightly different.

    What we’re seeing at CES this year is more and more mainstream consumer items, such as cars and TVs, having web applications integrated. These are apps that we’ve become familiar with in the Web 2.0 world – Pandora, Napster, iTunes and others. Music and entertainment especially is making inroads, but we’re sure to see web apps from other sectors integrated into consumer electronics too.

    Discuss


  • 5 Reasons Why RSS Readers Still Rock

    Recently I wrote about the decline of RSS Readers as a way for people to keep up with news. I noted that while many people still use RSS Readers, usage has decreased due to the emergence of real-time and social flows of information via Twitter, Facebook and other such services. The post sparked a fascinating discussion, with over 160 comments.

    What I learned from that discussion is that while the RSS Reader market is indeed in decline, there are still a number of compelling use cases for RSS Readers. Not to mention new tools worth checking out. So in this more optimistic post, I list 5 reasons why you should continue to use RSS Readers.

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    My conclusions in the previous post still stand: 1) Google now dominates what’s left of the RSS Reader market; and 2) RSS reading is a very fragmented experience circa 2009/2010 due to Twitter, Facebook, start pages like Netvibes, Firefox bookmarks, and more. However, a lot of commenters wrote that they still use RSS Readers each and every day. Here are the main reasons why:

    1. Control over Information Flow

    RSS Readers allow users to control their flow of information, whereas it’s impossible to keep up with the Twitter firehose of real-time information. Mathew Ballad (comment 11) put it well:

    "I tend to check Google Reader multiple times a day. While I do keep up with bigger news through Friendfeed or Twitter, I like to keep up with multiple Graphic Design blogs, tech blogs, entertainment blogs, photography blogs and Apple blogs on my own. I just can’t see myself ditching RSS Readers for something that I really don’t have much control over."

    It’s not just about controlling your stream of daily news. Many people have feeds that they just don’t want to miss. Tim Bray has a folder of feeds in NetNewsWire that he feels is "unacceptable when I don’t at least glance at everything those people have to say."

    Some people would argue that it’s a thankless task trying to control your RSS Reader. I am one of those people and I long ago gave up trying to keep my ‘unread’ count at zero. Indeed nowadays I don’t even try to mark as ‘read’ my email – using Gmail, I just let it all flow in and mark the ones I should reply to with stars.

    On a similar point, RSS pioneer Dave Winer remarked (comment 80) that Google Reader "has the wrong view of RSS." In a follow-up post, he wrote that "fundamentally, Google Reader views RSS as email," by which I think he means users feel compelled to read everything in it. His view is that "reading every story is a meaningless concept" and that RSS Readers need to find a way around this issue.

    2. Evolving User Interfaces

    Some readers are expecting RSS Readers to transform their UIs in 2010, in particular for "processing life and news streams in the same interface." (Marco A Torres)

    This has already happened to a degree in Google Reader, which has many nice social sharing features. @businessquests (comment 57) called Google Reader "a monitoring and intelligence tool enabled by tagging and publication of tag-based RSS feeds."

    Eric (comment 19) agreed, commenting:

    "I use it [Google Reader] not only as a constantly evolving newspaper, but to share and to create new snippets using the “Note in Reader…” bookmarklet. I also subscribe to others’ interests and see what they have marked to share with me."

    Eric also noted that he gets breaking news in Google Reader, thanks to its support of the real-time standard PubSubHubbub.

    However a number of people complained that Google Reader isn’t evolving fast enough in terms of user experience. I would put myself in that camp too. So, like me, you may want to check out some new feed reading innovations. Feedly (one of our Top 10 Semantic Web Products of 2009), Fever (one of our Top 10 RSS & Syndication Technologies of 2009) and my6sense (an iPhone app – our review) are 3 apps that received multiple mentions from our readers.

    We use Fever internally at ReadWriteWeb and I just today downloaded my6sense onto my iPhone. As an aside, note that two of those apps (Feedly and my6sense) integrate Twitter as well as RSS feeds.

    3. Tracking Twitter

    It’s not necessarily an either/or situation between RSS Readers and Twitter. Lynne Pope from New Zealand pointed out (comment 44) that she uses Google Reader to track some Twitter accounts:

    "Time zone differences mean a lot of good information can be missed in a tweet stream. Pulling the important streams into a reader means the information is readily available."

    4. Mobile News

    A number of people remarked that they commonly read their feeds via a mobile version of an RSS Reader. Something for those of us who are sick of being tied to PCs to do more of, perhaps. Bill (comment 46) wrote:

    "I use NewsRob on Android to pull the most recent 250 articles from Google Reader via my home wifi. Then I walk out the door and head for the commuter train, where I will read my feeds while other poor souls are stuck with the newspaper. Same on the way home and late at night when I’m rocking the baby to sleep."

    5. Categorized News

    Perhaps some of us are finding RSS Readers difficult to use nowadays because we don’t use them efficiently. If you spend some initial time setting up your Reader and categorizing your feeds, then chances are you will get a lot more out of it. Randy Orrison (comment 78) described a good use case that you may want to emulate:

    "I have folders in Google Reader for the blogs that I check every day, new release feeds for software I use (I could never remember to check all 20+ websites regularly), and down at the bottom of the folder list feeds from busy aggregators (like TechMeme) and news sites (like the BBC)."

    Conclusion

    Reading through all 160+ comments on my post restored some of my faith in RSS Readers. Viva la read/write Web! I’m going to test out some of the tools people suggested, find new ways to integrate Twitter streams with my RSS feeds, read more on my iPhone using my6sense and other services, and do some re-ordering in my Google Reader.

    What are your thoughts now about RSS Readers, given the discussion summarized here?

    Discuss


  • Consumer Electronics 2.0: MIT’s Henry Holtzman on The Internet of Things

    During my visit to MIT earlier this year I met up with Henry Holtzman, Chief Knowledge Officer of the MIT Media Lab. We discussed the Internet of Things, which Holtzman has been actively involved in since the 90s. Holtzman said that consumer apps for Web-connected objects are becoming more common; he refers to this as an emerging “ecology of devices.” There are many real world objects being connected to the Internet nowadays, he said, and they are beginning to act in concert.

    Read on to find out which Internet of Things products have most impressed Henry Holtzman lately, plus we explore some of his own projects.

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    redux_150x150.png

    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    I started off by remarking that the Internet of Things is ramping up in 2009. Holtzman replied that it’s been many years in the making – for example he did a project back in 1997 involving putting RFID tags onto Pokemon figures. Indeed Holtzman created a commercial company in 1998 to output Internet of Things products.

    Consumer Electronics 2.0

    A Wired article from February 2000 outlines how Holtzman founded Presto Technologies in 1998, with fellow MIT Lab professors Andrew Lippman (see our recent post featuring Lippman) and Michael Hawley. The Presto network embedded RFID tags in objects. It was an early version of Internet of Things.

    The vision for Presto was to make it an e-commerce tool – "products become roving portals for the companies that make them," according to the 2000 Wired article. While it was too early for that vision to transpire fully, Presto is still operating. One of its current products, PrestoPass, allows consumers to make purchases "by simply waving a card, key tag, or even a wristwatch."

    Nowadays Holtzman refers to this trend as "consumer electronics 2.0." He cites an MIT spin-off company, Ambient Devices, as one to watch in this area. One of their products is the Ambient Clock, which can hook up to your Google Calendar.

    Henry Holtzman’s Favorite 2009 Products

    As we’ve been reporting here on ReadWriteWeb this year, there are plenty of Internet of Things products making their presence felt in 2009. I asked Holtzman which products from the current era have particularly impressed him?

    He replied that he really likes Violet, the company behind the Nabaztag (a cute robot rabbit that can deliver anything from ambient information, through lights and sounds, to verbal information). We reviewed Violet back in May.

    Touchatag (formally known as Tikitag) is another company to have impressed Holtzman. As we wrote in February, Touchatag allows you to program your own RFID tags so that they can do anything you want. Holtzman said that he’s been very impressed by the decisions the company has made, for example using adhesives. He also likes their ‘web 2.0 savvy’ – they host everything, but let the users create the content.

    Internet of Things Concepts & Issues

    I asked Henry Holtzman what other concepts are interesting him currently, as well as what issues are still to be overcome in the emerging Internet of Things.

    He talked about using sensors as an "additional sense," by putting a tag reader on people. Not dissimilar to another Media Lab project we wrote about recently, a wearable internet system which aims to become a "sixth sense." Holtzman said that possible uses for sensors on people include: finding objects (for example your keys), raising an alert (e.g. a safety warning), a memory assist device, being a bridge between what you do in the real world and what gets recorded on your social network (e.g. Facebook updating when you’re in certain locations; which we mentioned here).

    As for issues: while currently light and temperature sensors are popular, Holtzman thinks that we need to do better job with location. But this is where RFID comes in.

    One big issue that Holtzman is concerned about is identity. He told me that mobile phones that interact with objects using NFC (Near Field Communication) will need to work out how to federate around the same ID for a user. This is perhaps similar to the identity issues that the browser-based Web has.

    Privacy and security are two other important issues that Holtzman has been focusing on of late.

    It was great to speak with Henry Holtzman – someone with extensive experience, both theoretical and practical, in the Internet of Things. Let us know your own thoughts in the comments.

    Discuss


  • ReadWriteWeb’s Top 5 Web Trends of 2009

    Over the last week we ran a series of posts outlining the five biggest Internet trends of this year: Structured Data, Real-Time Web, Personalization, Mobile Web / Augmented Reality, Internet of Things. Effectively this was ReadWriteWeb’s State of the Web 2009.

    We’ve now compiled the main points into a single presentation, available on Slideshare and embedded below. You can view the presentation in full screen by clicking the "full" button at the bottom of the presentation. You can also download the presentation as a Powerpoint file. All of the links in the presentation are clickable, should you wish to explore a certain topic more.

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    redux_150x150.png

    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    1. Structured Data
    2. The Real-Time Web
    3. Personalization
    4. Mobile Web & Augmented Reality
    5. Internet of Things

    Discuss


  • Top 5 Web Trends of 2009: Internet of Things

    This week ReadWriteWeb is running a series of posts analyzing the 5 biggest Web trends of 2009. So far we’ve explored these trends: Structured Data, The Real-Time Web, Personalization, Mobile Web / Augmented Reality. The fifth and final part of our series is about the Internet of Things, when real world objects (such as fridges, lights and toasters) get connected to the Internet. In 2009, this trend has ramped up and is adding a significant amount of new data to the Web.

    In this post we’ll see how companies as big as IBM and as small as Pachube are building up this new world of Internet data and services.

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    redux_150x150.png

    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    What is The Internet of Things?

    The Internet of Things is a network of Internet-enabled objects, together with web services that interact with these objects. Underlying the Internet of Things are technologies such as RFID (radio frequency identification), sensors, and smartphones.

    The Internet fridge is probably the most oft-quoted example of what the Internet of Things will enable. Imagine a refrigerator that monitors the food inside it and notifies you when you’re low on milk. It also perhaps monitors all of the best food websites, gathering recipes for your dinners and adding the ingredients automatically to your shopping list. This fridge knows what kinds of foods you like to eat, based on the ratings you have given to your dinners. Indeed the fridge helps you take care of your health, because it knows which foods are good for you.

    However, we’re not quite at that level of sophistication yet in the Internet of Things. As we discovered in our Internet Fridges State of the Market in July, current Internet fridges are more about entertainment than utility.

    IBM and The Internet of Things

    One of the leading big companies in Internet of Things is IBM, which offers a range of RFID and sensor technology solutions. IBM has been busy working with various manufacturers and goods suppliers in recent months, to introduce those solutions to the world.

    For example IBM announced a deal at the end of June with Danish transportation company Container Centralen. By February 2010, Container Centralen undertakes to use IBM sensor technology "to allow participants in the horticultural supply chain to track the progress of shipments as they move from growers to wholesalers and retailers across 40 countries in Europe." Specifically this refers to transportation of things like flowers and pot plants, which are very sensitive to the environment they travel in. Having sensors as part of the entire travel chain will allow participants to monitor conditions and climate during travel. Essentially it makes the travel process very transparent.

    Pachube: Building a Platform for Internet-Enabled Environments

    IBM is a leading bigco active in the Internet of Things. At the other end of the spectrum is a small UK startup which has impressed us a lot this year: Pachube. It was one of 5 Internet of Things services that we profiled in February and we followed up with an in-depth look at the service in May.

    Pachube, (pronounced “PATCH-bay”) lets you tag and share real time sensor data from objects, devices, buildings and environments both physical and virtual. In a blog post by Tish Shute, Pachube founder Usman Haque explained that Pachube is about “environments” moreso than “sensors.” In other words, Pachube aims to be responsive to and influence your environment – for example your home.

    Conclusion

    What’s the point of all this new object data from the Internet of Things? As well as the new types of functionalities it will enable, such as health monitoring by Internet fridges, the sheer amount of new data about an object should lead to better quality goods and better decision-making by consumers. For example when you buy a loaf of bread from the grocery store, it will have its own RFID tag – which theoretically can tell you when it was produced, when it was packaged, how long it traveled to get to the store, whether the temperature during its travel was optimal, the pricing history of the product, what the precise ingredients are and associated health benefits (or dangers), and much more information.

    That ends our look at the 5 biggest trends of the Web in 2009. First thing next week we will post a round-up, along with a downloadable presentation.

    ReadWriteWeb’s Top 5 Web Trends of 2009:

    1. Structured Data
    2. The Real-Time Web
    3. Personalization
    4. Mobile Web & Augmented Reality
    5. Internet of Things

    Discuss


  • Top 5 Web Trends of 2009: Mobile Web & Augmented Reality

    This week ReadWriteWeb is running a series of posts analyzing the five biggest Web trends of 2009. So far we’ve explored these trends: Structured Data, The Real-Time Web, Personalization. The fourth part of our series is on Mobile Web. We’re including Augmented Reality in this category, as we think it’s a key element of where the Mobile Web is heading circa 2009.

    In April we reported statistics from browser company Opera showing large growth on the Mobile Web. According to Opera, there was a 157% increase in usage of their Opera Mini web browser from March 2008 to March 2009. What’s driving that growth is devices like the iPhone, new mobile operating systems like Android, and hot applications like Augmented Reality.

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    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    Apple Dominates Mobile Web, But Android on The Rise…

    We named Apple our Best Bigco of 2008, mostly due to the success of the iPhone and accompanying App Store. By most statistics, Apple is in a fairly dominant position in the Mobile Web. At the beginning of the year we reported data from AdMob (a leading mobile advertising marketplace) showing that Apple has a 48% market share of smartphone traffic in the United States. That figure doesn’t just come from the iPhone, but the iPod touch too.

    By June 2009, Apple’s share of smartphone traffic in the U.S. had surged to 64%. Perhaps more significantly though, Apple’s share of worldwide smartphone traffic had increased to 47%. This is important, because internationally other smartphones were utilized much more than in the U.S. before the iPhone arrived.

    However, Apple can’t afford to rest on its laurals. Google’s mobile OS Android has been making rapid progress. According to the latest Admob statistics available, for July ’09, requests from the Android Operating System increased 53% month over month and Android now has 7% worldwide OS share. The iPhone OS dropped slightly to 45% worldwide and 60% in the U.S.

    Bigco Initiatives & Trendy Startups

    All of the big Internet companies have strong Mobile Web initiatives. We discussed Apple and Google above.

    Yahoo continues to push Mobile Web, which currently goes under the OneConnect brand.

    Microsoft has announced a number of mobile initiatives this year, including a mobile version of Microsoft Office and MySpace bringing its platform to Windows Mobile phones.

    Earlier this month Facebook announced a mobile expansion of their Facebook Connect platform. "Facebook Connect for Mobile Web" enables developers to add a Facebook Connect button to their apps in order to make them more social.

    Probably of most interest is watching the up and coming Mobile Web startups. We’ve had our eye on Brightkite for some time, but perhaps the trendiest startup right now is Foursquare. It’s a location-aware social app for the iPhone, but only available in a limited number of countries currently.

    Augmented Reality

    Augmented reality, the addition of a layer to the world on your mobile device, has been a very hot trend this year. As we noted in August, it is in everything from mobile apps to kids toys. Many people think that “AR” will soon be talked about by everyone the way they used to talk about “social media” and “Web 2.0” before that. That remains to be seen, but there’s no denying there is a lot of interest in AR right now.

    As we reported at the end of August, the AR apps are starting to flow into Android (the early leader in this space) and iPhone devices. We reported that the Paris Metro Subway was apparently the first AR-enabled app to be accepted into iTunes. Then came a new Yelp app with AR, which any 3Gs owner can turn on by shaking their phone. Presselite, the company that made the Paris Metro Subway app, followed up with a London Bus app for the App Store.

    Conclusion

    Clearly mobile devices are an increasingly important way to access the Web. Many of our readers have smartphones nowadays, a good proportion of them being iPhones or Android devices (our statistics prove this). And there is no shortage of mobile web applications flowing into the App Store and Android’s marketplace – not to forget Nokia and other prominent mobile manufacturers.

    What’s perhaps most encouraging however, is the entirely new class of mobile apps we’re seeing. Augmented Reality is the most obvious example. It’s been a big year for mobile, with much promise to come.

    ReadWriteWeb’s Top 5 Web Trends of 2009:

    1. Structured Data
    2. The Real-Time Web
    3. Personalization
    4. Mobile Web & Augmented Reality
    5. Internet of Things

    Discuss


  • Wolfram|Alpha: The Use Cases

    Earlier this year at the SemTech conference in San Jose, I sat down with Wolfram|Alpha‘s Russell Foltz-Smith. Wolfram|Alpha bills itself as a "computational knowledge engine," a nerdy and unfortunately not very intuitive description. Because it’s hard to grok, most people have categorized Wolfram|Alpha as a new type of search engine. The site got a lot of press when it launched in May, as many pundits saw it as a challenger to Google. However in our own extensive tests of the product before launch, we concluded that it isn’t a "Google Killer" and that it has more in common with Wikipedia.

    Even now there is still confusion about what Wolfram|Alpha is and what its main use cases will be. In this interview with Russell Foltz-Smith, we discuss what people are using Wolfram|Alpha for now; and more importantly what its uses will be in the near future.

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    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    Wolfram|Alpha: What is it Good For?

    Wolfram|Alpha is a product that was built on top of founder Stephen Wolfram’s Mathematica product, a software tool for mathematicians that was initially released in 1988. The aim is to allow users to type human-like statements and have computations done on those. Wolfram|Alpha was first conceived and started development about 4 years ago, and just 6-8 months ago the team gave serious consideration to taking the product to a wider consumer audience.

    I started out by asking Foltz-Smith what the Wolfram|Alpha team thought of all the media hype around their product, particularly about the "Google Killer" theme which many media outlets reveled in. Foltz-Smith replied that they were expecting to be compared to Google, but not to that extent. Their team was a little surprised there wasn’t more discussion around Wolfram|Alpha’s similarities to Wikipedia and Freebase (although he noted that ReadWriteWeb certainly covered that!). Regarding the Google comparisons, Foltz-Smith said that they didn’t give into the hype – they stuck to what their goals were.

    I remarked that many people still seem confused about what Wolfram|Alpha does and what it can be used for. Foltz-Smith said that people will use it for different things. The crux of the product though is that it allows people to compute and calculate things.

    But will mainstream people use Wolfram|Alpha? Right now, it seems to be focused on mathematicians. Foltz-Smith replied that yes, eventually Wolfram|Alpha will find a mainstream audience. It has started specific, but it will go broader. First, he said, it has to "pass a test" with "serious users" – by which he means academics and computational users. If it’s useful for them, claimed Foltz-Smith, it will then go mainstream.

    Use Case: Education

    One real-world use case we talked about was using Wolfram|Alpha in education. Russell Foltz-Smith said that Wolfram|Alpha could be used to automatically generate problem sets for students, and then research those sets.

    A recent article in education website Chronicle.com argued that Wolfram|Alpha may have a less desired effect: encouraging cheating and laziness in students. This is because Wolfram|Alpha not only solves complex math problems, it "also can spell out the steps leading to those solutions."

    Stephen Wolfram told Chronicle.com that computer-algebra systems like Wolfram|Alpha actually improve education – because they allow students to explore complex problems on their own and intuitively determine how functions work, rather than just learn rote processes. Wolfram claimed that "it’s better to let them [students] stand on that platform and go further."

    Either way, it’s clear that Wolfram|Alpha and similar computational software will force the education system to adapt and change. Students now have a new (and certainly easier to use, as it’s on the Web) platform on which to compute things. There’s no point in the education system pretending it doesn’t exist. If you’re interested in tracking the progress of Wolfram|Alpha in educational settings, there is a wiki devoted to ‘Teaching Undergraduate Math with Wolfram|Alpha.’

    Use Case: Computational Journalism

    This one was described to me as "anomaly spotting." For example with the current interest in swine flu news, Wolfram|Alpha could be used to fact-find and compute interesting trends. As Foltz-Smith described it, Wolfram|Alpha could "automatically enhance news."

    Foltz-Smith noted that CNN and other major networks do this already (analyze data), but that it’s expensive to do. The end results on CNN are added value things like interactive maps and fancy diagrams. Wolfram|Alpha could make this type of data gathering and analysis presentation inexpensive and common place amongst all kinds of news operations – including good old blogs.

    Use Case: Sports Watching

    Imagine sitting in your sofa in the lounge, remote control in one hand and your favorite beverage in the other. You’re watching the Friday night game on TV, it’s a close game and you’re curious about which team has the better chance of winning. Why, check Wolfram|Alpha of course! In real time, Wolfram|Alpha could compute statistics about not just the history of the two teams – but the history of the location of the game, the weather, the season so far, etc.

    As Foltz-Smith explained it, Wolfram|Alpha would be able to do "chained queries" – queries made up of multiple parts. For example: which quarterback had the best winning record in games played in the rain during the 1970s.

    Other Use Cases

    We also discussed medical and scientific use cases. Although there are early examples of Wolfram|Alpha in health, such as a nutrition label generator, Foltz-Smith was generally cautious about medical uses – because a lot of health data "can’t be wrong." He noted that in use cases like medical research, the issue of data fidelity is key. For example with the human genome, you have to take great care of that data and associated algorithms. Also he explained that as something like the human genome scales, how do you do QA?

    Foltz-Smith admitted that the Wolfram|Alpha team is still working on these and similar issues. But they have a lot of people devoted to solving this problem. Some types of data could be crowdsourced, e.g. in linguistics, but other data needs different approaches.

    Conclusion

    It was interesting to hear about some of the potential uses of Wolfram|Alpha. We at ReadWriteWeb think this product has a promising future. If Web 2.0 was about creating data (user generated content, to use the most familiar term for this), then the next generation of the Web is all about using that data. Wolfram|Alpha is premised on using and computing data.

    Let us know in the comments what use cases you see for Wolfram|Alpha, and whether you’re aware of similar computational web apps.

    See also:

    Discuss


  • Top 5 Web Trends of 2009: Personalization

    from davepatten http://www.flickr.com/photos/davepatten/3565492960/This week ReadWriteWeb is running a series of posts analyzing the five biggest Web trends of 2009. Our first post was about Structured Data, our second about The Real-Time Web. The third part of our series is on Personalization.

    Personalization has long been a buzzword on the Internet. With the glut of information on the Web circa 2009, personalization in this era means providing effective filters and recommendations. Ultimately personalization is about websites and services giving you what you want, when you want it. That’s the long-standing dream anyway. Let’s see if the products of 2009 are fulfilling it.

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    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    All of the trends that we’re profiling overlap. This is particularly so with personalization, as we’ll see.

    Filtering the Real-Time Firehose

    Personalization is often used to provide an organization layer for users on top of real-time data. As Ken Fromm put it in his primer on the Real-Time Web:

    “The Internet is shifting from discrete units of websites and Web pages to discrete units of information […] organized in ways that are relevant and personal to each individual, using data gleaned from social graphs as well as recommendation and personalization services that allow users to set their preferences.”

    If you use a dashboard product like TweetDeck, Seesmic or Peoplebrowsr to use Twitter, then you’re able to group people, keywords and topics. This is effectively personalization at work.

    Open Web: More Data About You, Better Personalization

    Another aspect of personalization is the increasing prevalence of open data on the Web. A lot of companies make their data available on the Web via APIs, web services, and open data standards. And as we discussed in the first post in this series, much of that data is structured – allowing it to be inter-connected and re-used by third parties.

    How does open data lead to personalization? Simply put, the more data about you and your social graph that is available to be used by applications, the better targeted the content and/or service will be to you. There are non-trivial privacy issues about this, however the personalization benefits can be significant.

    There are a whole host of open data standards on the Web now. They include:

    • Data portability – taking your data and friends from one site to another.
    • OpenID – portable identity; single sign-on.
    • OpenSocial – Google initiative for social networks, enabling developers to create widgets with one set of code; MySpace a member, Facebook isn’t.
    • APML – growing ‘Attention’ standard; Your Attention Data is all the information online about what you read, write, share and consume.

    Recommendation Engines

    Many consumer products on the Web aim to recommend you things that you may like. A couple of years ago, Alex Iskold outlined what he saw as the 4 main approaches to recommendations:

    • Personalized recommendation – recommend things based on the individual’s past behavior
    • Social recommendation – recommend things based on the past behavior of similar users
    • Item recommendation – recommend things based on the item itself
    • A combination of the three approaches above

    Amazon is probably still the best example of recommendations on the Web, but an example of something new from 2009 was Netflix launching better personalization features in March. They included new taste preferences, allowing users to (for example) choose between movies that are romantic, suspenseful, or dark. Other additions included a personalized homepage and a feature enabling users to mix and match genres.

    Conclusion

    Personalization has shown slow but steady progress in 2009. It hasn’t been as wild a ride as Structured Data or Real-Time Web, but we consider personalization to be a key facet of the evolving Web.

    ReadWriteWeb’s Top 5 Web Trends of 2009:

    1. Structured Data
    2. The Real-Time Web
    3. Personalization
    4. Mobile Web & Augmented Reality
    5. Internet of Things

    Image credit: davepatten

    Discuss


  • Top 5 Web Trends of 2009: The Real-Time Web

    from FJTU (a veces on-line) http://www.flickr.com/photos/fjtu/2829021471/This week ReadWriteWeb is running a series of posts analyzing the five biggest, most cutting-edge Web trends to come out of 2009. We’re posting one trend analysis per day. Then at the end of the week we’ll publish a major update to our standard presentation about web technology trends.

    Our opening post was about Structured Data. In this article we look at probably the most hyped trend of 2009: the Real-Time Web. It has become a core part of many Internet products this year: Twitter, FriendFeed, Facebook, Google, Delicious, WordPress, and many others.

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    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    What is the Real-Time Web?

    Ken Fromm wrote an insightful primer to the Real-Time Web for ReadWriteWeb. In it he explained that the Real-Time Web is a new form of communication, it creates a new body of content, it’s immediate, it’s public and has an explicit social graph associated with it, and it carries an implicit model of federation.

    One of the early leaders in the Real-Time Web was FriendFeed, a lifestreaming service that became popular with early adopters. Co-founder Paul Buchheit (who also built the first version of Gmail, during his time at Google) told ReadWriteWeb in May that "the open, real-time discussions that occur on FriendFeed are going to become a major new communication medium on the same level as email, IM and blogging."

    Everything is Real-Time Now

    We must of course begin our product overview with Twitter. In March this year the super-trendy microblogging service marked its 3rd birthday. As Marshall Kirkpatrick explained at the time, it’s really the story of Twitter as a platform that is most exciting.

    However the Real-Time Web is much more than Twitter. It has changed the products and strategies of almost every major Internet company in 2009.

    Google may have missed the early action, but by May 2009 co-founder Larry Page was proclaiming that Google had to do a better job of being real-time. It’s started that process. For example Google is behind a project called PubSubHubbub, which delivers RSS feeds much faster (near real-time). PubSubHubbub is already making Google Reader faster.

    But while you’re waiting for Google search to become truly real-time, you can at least add Twitter results to it with this plug-in.

    In March, Facebook launched a site redesign emphasizing a real-time stream of updates on users’ homepages. Although this was unpopular with users, Facebook continued to dabble in Real-Time. In June, Facebook announced a new search interface allowing users to search for content from people, organizations, and other public figures as soon as they share it on Facebook. This was described as “up-to-the-minute” search results – in other words a real-time search engine.

    Meanwhile in April, FriendFeed introduced a revamped user interface that focused much more on real-time updates than previously. The most impressive change was the new advanced filters, which made it a lot easier for users to create streams based on keywords, groups, sets of friends and more. FriendFeed’s filters added something powerful to the Real-Time Web.

    In August, Facebook further strengthened its Real-Time chops by acquiring FriendFeed. This immediately brought more real-time sophistication into the Facebook family – we’re yet to see how Facebook will use it though.

    In August Yahoo’s influential social bookmarking service Delicious was re-born as a real-time news tracker. It launched a new home page, combining recent tagging activity and cross-referenced links on Twitter.

    The real-time updates continue… earlier today, all blogs on the WordPress.com platform and any WordPress.org blogs that opt-in will now make instant updates available to any RSS readers subscribed to a new feature called RSSCloud.

    Conclusion

    In May, Marshall Kirkpatrick identified three forms of value from the Real-Time Web: ambiance, automation and emergence. In August, Bernard Lunn compared it to the real-time world of the trader.

    The Real-Time Web is all of those things and more. 2009 has in many ways been the Year of the Real-Time Web. But it’s early days yet, because we – collectively – are still looking for ways to use all of that extra real-time data. We’ve made a lot of data real-time and surfaced it in search and our filters. But what new applications and intelligence can we build off this data? That question will be answered over the coming few years.

    ReadWriteWeb’s Top 5 Web Trends of 2009:

    1. Structured Data
    2. The Real-Time Web
    3. Personalization
    4. Mobile Web & Augmented Reality
    5. Internet of Things


    Discuss


  • Top 5 Web Trends of 2009: Structured Data

    This week ReadWriteWeb will run a series of posts detailing what we think are the five biggest, most cutting-edge Web trends to come out of 2009. We’ll be posting one trend analysis per day. Then at the end of the week we’ll publish a major update to our standard presentation about web technology trends.

    The first major Web trend we’re looking at is Structured Data. In prior presentations, this has sometimes been referred to under the umbrella term of ‘Semantic Web’. However the way 2009 has panned out so far, it’s become clear that this trend is much more than the Semantic Web. In this post, we’ll analyze the developments in Structured Data this year and provide you with 3 product examples: OpenCalais, Google, Wolfram Alpha.

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    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    Web of Data, Not Documents

    Tim Berners-Lee said in February this year that we’re now in a Web of Data, rather than a Web of Documents. The organization that Berners-Lee heads, the W3C, has heavily promoted two key initiatives that are helping to build this Web of Data: the Semantic Web and more recently Linked Data.

    However over the past few years, we’ve seen that there are many other ways to structure data and enable others to build off it. The best current example is surely Twitter, whose API has historically been responsible for around 90% of Twitter’s activity – via third party apps.

    The basic principle of the Web of Data is still the same as what Alex Iskold articulated on ReadWriteWeb back in March 2007: “unstructured information will give way to structured information – paving the road to more intelligent computing.”

    Example 1: OpenCalais

    Our first example product, OpenCalais, is probably the best current example of Linked Data (which is a type of structured data endorsed by W3C). Thomson Reuters, the international business and financial news giant, launched an API called OpenCalais in Feb ’08. In a nutshell, OpenCalais turns unstructured HTML into semantically marked up data. It orders data into groups such as ‘people,’ ‘places,’ ‘companies’ and more. This way, third party applications and sites can build interesting new things from that data – one of the defining principles of Linked Data.

    For a full explanation of Linked Data, read Alexander Korth’s technical introduction The Web of Data: Creating Machine-Accessible Information from April 2009. I also explained the background and benefits of Linked Data in a May ’09 post entitled Linked Data is Blooming: Why You Should Care.

    Example 2: Google Rich Snippets

    In May this year, Google added structured data to its core search, in the form of a feature called ‘Rich snippets.’ Essentially this feature extracts and shows useful information from web pages, by way of structured data open standards such as microformats and RDFa. On launch in May, Google invited publishers to mark up their HTML. While it will take a while for this markup to become widespread, the fact that a huge company like Google implemented it shows the increasing importance of structured data on the Web.

    Other big companies are also heading in this direction – in particular, Yahoo was an early leader.

    Example 3: Wolfram Alpha

    Ever since Wolfram|Alpha‘s much hyped launch in May, we’ve been tracking this innovative product closely. It’s a self-described “computational knowledge engine” and while it’s not quite the Google killer some predicted, it has many potential uses.

    Wolfram|Alpha has a search engine-like interface, allowing you to type natural language statements into it. But the main part of the product is the computations you can do on data. The product is premised on using and computing data. If Web 2.0 was about creating data (a.k.a. user generated content), then the next generation of the Web is all about using that data.

    Conclusion

    We can see from the above three examples that structured data is rapidly becoming a feature of today’s Web. Companies like Thomson Reuters and Google are enabling data to be structured, and new types of products (like Wolfram|Alpha) will make use of structured data in ways we perhaps can’t imagine right now.

    ReadWriteWeb’s Top 5 Web Trends of 2009:

    1. Structured Data
    2. The Real-Time Web
    3. Personalization
    4. Mobile Web & Augmented Reality
    5. Internet of Things

    Discuss


  • ReadWriteWeb Interview With Tim Berners-Lee, Part 1: Linked Data

    During my trip to Boston earlier this year, I had the opportunity to visit MIT. At the end of a long day of meetings with various MIT tech masterminds, I made my way to the funny shaped building (see photo right-below) where the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and its director Tim Berners-Lee work. Berners-Lee is of course the man who invented the World Wide Web 20 years ago.

    This was my first meeting with the Web’s creator, whose work and philosophy was a direct inspiration for me when I launched ReadWriteWeb back in 2003.1

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    Editor’s note: This story is part of a series we call Redux, where we’ll re-publish some of our best posts of 2009. As we look back at the year – and ahead to what next year holds – we think these are the stories that deserve a second glance. It’s not just a best-of list, it’s also a collection of posts that examine the fundamental issues that continue to shape the Web. We hope you enjoy reading them again and we look forward to bringing you more Web products and trends analysis in 2010. Happy holidays from Team ReadWriteWeb!

    After shaking hands, I told Tim Berners-Lee that this blog’s name was in part inspired by the first browser, which he developed, called "WorldWideWeb". That was a read/write browser; meaning you could not only browse and read content, but create and edit content too. It was a shame then when Mosaic, a read-only browser, became the first mainstream Web browser in the mid-90s. It wasn’t until the rise of Web 2.0 that the read/write philosophy gained widespread acceptance.2 On that note, we launched into the interview…

    Note: the interview was published in two parts, with Part 1 on the topic of Linked Data. Part 2 explored other topics and can be found here.

    How Linked Data Relates to The Semantic Web

    RWW: Earlier this year you gave an inspiring talk at TED about Linked Data. You described Linked Data as a sea change akin to the invention of the WWW itself – i.e. we’ve gone from a Web of documents to a web of data. Can you please explain though how Linked Data relates to the Semantic Web, is it a subset of it?

    TBL: They fit in completely, in that the linked data actually uses a small slice of all the various technologies that people have put together and standardized for the Semantic Web.

    Linked Data uses a small slice of the technologies that make up the Semantic Web.

    We started off with the Semantic Web roadmap, which had lots of languages that we wanted to create. [However] the community as a whole got a bit distracted from the idea that actually the most important piece is the interoperability of the data. The fact that things are identified with URIs is the key thing.

    The Semantic Web and Linked Data connect because when we’ve got this web of linked data, there are already lots of technologies which exist to do fancy things with it. But it’s time now to concentrate on getting the web of linked data out there.


    Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee and ReadWriteWeb founder Richard MacManus

    How Linked Data Has Evolved via Grassroots

    RWW: Linked Data has had a lot of grassroots support, which you mentioned in your TED speech. This is something Semantic Web technologies, such as RDF, have struggled to get over the years. Has the W3C been pushing the more bottom-up Linked Data world, because of the frustration over lack of take-up of top-down Semantic Web?

    TBL: A lot of the initial RDF and OWL projects came out of the academic world; and some of them were projects to show what you could do in a closed world. And the files were zipped up and left on a disc. While they were interesting projects, and while the systems were useful systems, the Semantic Web community maybe missed the point of the ‘web’ bit and focused too much on the ‘semantic’. However the work that’s been done in the Semantic Web, the standards, was really valuable. It’s relatively recently for example that SPARQL [an RDF query language] has been developed.

    “It’s time now to concentrate on getting the web of linked data out there.”

    Somebody drew an analogy the other day: can you imagine trying to promote a world of databases without SQL? Even though it’s not an interoperable protocol, it’s just a query language. So similarly, all that’s been put into RDF, rdfs and OWL is very valuable to the linked data community.

    The Linked Data community tend to use a subset of that [Semantic Web technologies], of OWL for example. But they certainly use SPARQL. So you could argue that really it wasn’t ready to be deployed widely.

    Linked Data started as a very informal Design Issues note that I put in; it was a grassroots movement from very early on. So yes W3C has been emphasizing the importance of Linked Data. It’s been the Semantic Web Interest Group of course, and various [other Semantic Web] activities, which has been pushing it. But also Linked Data has been seized on – a group of people for example put together DBpedia.3 That wasn’t commissioned, that was that they just thought it would be a really cool idea.


    Graph of Linked Data sets on the Web, as at March 2009

    Linked Data and Governments

    RWW: In a recent Design Issues note, you urge governments to put their data online as Linked Data (although you’d also be happy for governments to just make available the raw data – presumably so that others can then structure it). What do you realistically expect, for example, the U.S. or U.K. governments to do over the next year? And in the near future, do you foresee different governments interconnecting their Linked Data sets?

    TBL: One can’t generalize, governments are (like most big organizations) fascinatingly diverse inside them. So you’ll find that there are places inside governments where you get a champion who gets linked data and who’s just written a script and produced some linked data. So in the UK government for example, you’ll find there’s RDFa [in the code of its website] for civil service jobs. So if somebody wants to make a database of all the jobs, they can do that very easily.

    “The first step of actually putting the data out there is the one that nobody else can do.”

    There are other cases where the easiest thing for somebody to do is to just put data up in whatever form it’s available. Comma separated values (CSV) files are remarkably popular. They’re exported sometimes from spreadsheets. It’s remarkable how much information is in spreadsheets. Or sometimes pulled out of a database and then put up on the web. It’s not as good, not as useful to the community, as if Linked Data had been put up there and linked. But the first step of actually putting the data out there is the one that nobody else can do.


    Data.gov, a catalog of public data, was launched in May by the U.S. government

    The way to go is for government departments to go the extra step and convert [their data] into Linked Data. One of the nice things about Linked Data, when they have a pile of it, is that they could run a SPARQL server on it. SPARQL servers are a commodity product, a solution for all of the people who say ‘but actually I wanted to have XML.’ A SPARQL server will generate an XML file [and] allow somebody to write out, effectively, a URL for the XML file.

    “Linked Data is the backplane, it’s the thing that you connect to in both directions.”

    In fact, I don’t see why SPARQL servers shouldn’t provide CSV files, something which as far as I know isn’t in the standards. But I’d recommend it, certainly in government context, because CSV files are what people have and what people want.

    So the message [for government] is to use RDF. Linked Data is the backplane, it’s the thing that you connect to in both directions. As a [web] producer your job is to make sure that you produce Linked Data one way or another. And as a consumer, there are lots of ways to consume that data once it’s out there as Linked Data.

    In Part 2 of this interview we discussed: how previously reticent search engines like Google and Yahoo have begun to participate in the Semantic Web in 2009, user interfaces for browsing and using data, what Tim Berners-Lee thinks of new computational engine Wolfram Alpha, how e-commerce vendors are moving into the Linked Data world, and finally how the Internet of Things intersects with the Semantic Web. Read Part 2 here.

    Footnotes:

    1. The very first sentence written on this blog, on 20 April, 2003, was: "The World Wide Web in 2003 is beginning to fulfill the hopes that Tim Berners-Lee had for it over 10 years ago when he created it."

    2. For more on read/write browsers, you can read another early RWW post entitled What became of the Browser/Editor.

    3. DBpedia is a community project to extract structured information from Wikipedia; see ReadWriteWeb’s profile of this and similar resources.

    Discuss


  • 2009 Year in Review

    2009 Year in ReviewThe year is fast winding down and everyone is no doubt looking forward to a break over Christmas. If you want some reading and pondering material over the holidays, during December we’ve been publishing a series of annual review posts. We’ve picked our best products of the year in 10 categories, analyzed the top companies and made our predictions for 2010. Click on the links below for more details.

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    For our Best BigCo of 2009, we selected Google – due to its continued innovation throughout the year. For our Best LittleCo of 2009, we chose a startup that exemplifies the Real-Time Web. For Most Promising for 2010, we selected a company that aims to change the way we search.

    In late December the ReadWriteWeb team made a set of predictions for 2010, which we encourage you to comment on and add to over the holidays. It’s always fun to look back on the previous year to see how well you did!

    ReadWriteWeb Readers Pick The Top 10 Products of 2009

    As voted by our readers in December, these were the ten best products of the year:

    1. Twitter

    2. Google Chrome

    3. Google Maps

    4. Facebook

    5. WordPress

    6. iPhone platform

    7. Google Apps

    8. Adobe AIR

    9. Hulu

    10. TweetDeck

    The top 10 was voted on by our readers, based on the following lists of products:

    1. Top 10 Mobile Web Products
    2. Top 10 Consumer Web Apps
    3. Top 10 Semantic Web Products
    4. Top 10 International Web Products
    5. Top 10 RSS & Syndication Technologies
    6. Top 10 Enterprise Products
    7. Top 10 Internet of Things Products
    8. Top 10 Real-Time Technologies
    9. Top 10 Startup Products
    10. Top 10 Web Platforms

    Happy holidays to all of our readers and supporters!

    Discuss


  • 2010 Predictions

    Every year the ReadWriteWeb team tries its hand at predicting the future. Looking back at our 2009 predictions, we got some wrong (I predicted that Facebook would sign up to OpenSocial) but others turned out to be on the money. I correctly guessed that the usual suspects would remain unacquired in ’09 – Digg, Twitter, Technorati – but that FriendFeed would get bought. OK, so I guessed that Google would be the buyer. But close enough!

    Without further ado, here are our predictions for 2010. We’d love to read your predictions in the comments.

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    Richard MacManus, Founder & CEO, @rww

    1. There will be a breakthrough consumer application for Internet of Things – involving the iPhone, RFID tags and a major consumer product such as books or groceries. In general, Internet of Things will ramp up in 2010, with thousands more everyday objects becoming connected to the Internet.

    2. Google will acquire PostRank and promptly consign it to the same graveyard Feedburner went to.

    3. Microsoft will acquire Wolfram|Alpha and Bing will continue to make small gains in the search market. Google will be distracted by increasing consumer complaints about content farms polluting Google search results.

    4. A price war will erupt in the e-book market and Amazon.com will offer the lowest prices, leading to it gaining a dominant position in the market with its Kindle E-book Reader.

    5. Google will partner with a large PC manufacturer from Asia, which will launch an inexpensive netbook powered by Chrome OS in the U.S. market. It will become a hot consumer item among school kids and university students.

    Marshall Kirkpatrick, Lead Writer & VP of Content Development, @marshallk

    1. Google Wave will win some respect back as people discover valuable uses for it and get used to the user experience.

    2. Facebook will open aggregate-user-profile and social-graph data for outside analysis.

    3. Some serious user interface innovations will blow our minds.

    4. Data portability will become more real, standard, expected and viable.

    5. A new social network will rise to join the big ones. It may offer the privacy that Facebook is moving away from; it may be mobile and location-centric; it may focus on personal content recommendations.

    Sarah Perez, Feature Writer, @sarahintampa

    1. MySpace doesn’t quite make a comeback, but gets a fresh start of sorts with its music and entertainment offerings. The Gen Y/Gen Z demographic sees growth on the site but the network’s overall numbers continue to decline.

    2. Twitter launches ads.

    3. TweetDeck finally launches a web version and becomes the number one Twitter client other than Twitter.com.

    4. Cloud computing heats up. AWS, Google, Microsoft and others begin price wars to compete for customers.

    5. The iPhone still rules and grabs more mobile market share than ever before.

    6. Meanwhile, Android becomes the number two mobile platform by year-end.

    7. iPhone app backlash begins. There are too many worthless apps and no decent way to find the good ones. Then Apple surprises us with a brand-new feature that improves greatly upon their “genius” offering to help us find new and useful apps via iTunes.

    8. iTunes announces a web service, thanks to the Lala acquisition.

    9. Spotify finally gets the green light in U.S. and people go nuts for it.

    10. The netbook craze dies down. People start buying new “in-between” devices that are slightly larger and more powerful than today’s netbooks, but smaller, more lightweight and cheaper than regular notebooks. Features like better processors, separate GPUs and SSD HD options set these new “ultra portable” devices apart from the traditional netbook, but they’re still often called “netbooks” because of their size. Market confusion ensues.

    Jolie O’Dell, Writer & Community Manager, @jolieodell

    1. MySpace relaunches as a content network, leveraging the bands and filmmakers they already have on board and dropping the emphasis on social networking.

    2. Twitter will find a monetization model and launch things like ads and pro features.

    3. Facebook will become the Borg. Its number of users will continue to climb until the network is as ubiquitous as Google and lay people confuse Facebook with “the Internet.” They’ll make more money and control more data than ever before.

    4. iPhone’s exclusivity with AT&T will come to a breaking point and we’ll see network-agnostic iPhones.

    5. On the bright side, 2010 will signal the death of the login. Third-party authentications will become the norm, and user data will be entrusted to a discrete handful of online properties. Users will pitch a hissyfit if ever they’re asked to create a username and password and upload an avatar. After all, doesn’t the Internet know they have a Facebook?

    6. File-sharing will continue to be shut down around the world; by 2011, we’ll all be downloading via Tor and the U.S. will have instituted a lame three-strikes-no-Internet policy.

    7. Cybercrime will be more of an issue than ever. Expect to see a major governmental security breach in 2010, as the government continues to adopt 2.0 tech without strong and permanent infosec personnel and procedures in place.

    Dana Oshiro, ReadWriteStart Writer, @SuzyPerplexus

    1. AR: Geo-locational games and AR will come together in 2010. We’re going to see strange behavior from those playing zombie shooter games on their commutes.

    2. Agree with Sarah: Netbooks and gadgets like the PsiXpda are going to gain ground.

    3. Mobile Music: Offline music caching will be expected of all streaming music apps.

    4. The browser really will be the new OS.

    5. Payment Systems: Between Square, PayPal X and advances in Internet TV, we’re going to see payment options integrated in unlikely places.

    Alex Williams, ReadWriteEnterprise Writer, @podcasthotel

    1. Cloud computing will go through a shake out. There are just too many companies out there for the market to sustain. The big players will go on a buying spree. The consolidation will deeply affect users. Some companies will fold overnight. Users will lose access to their data, leading to a whole new wave of skepticism about cloud computing. But it won’t be enough to slow down the move to cloud computing. More companies will consider the security risks as less of a factor, compared to the cost benefits and potential for innovation. Cloud computing technology will become more of a commodity. The business applications for cloud computing will take center stage.

    2. The big players will come back strong. IBM, SAP and Microsoft will innovate just enough to show big gains with customers.

    3. Consumer-based social networks will make big efforts to gain wider access to the enterprise, as more companies seek to open up to the social Web. The information architecture of social networks will change to accommodate the greater degrees of control that the enterprise requires. This will bring on the rise of “social middleware” – services that act as a layer between social networks and the enterprise.

    4. A new breed of social networks will emerge that act as one-stop shops for applications and services. These will look more like marketplaces than social hubs for conversations around the proverbial virtual water cooler. SaaS leaders will face off for this growing market.

    5. iPhone, Android or the Blackberry? I expect the Android to be the talk of the enterprise, especially if the Google Phone does make it to market. Such a phone would eliminate carrier costs and break down walled gardens that have limited application development.

    Sean Ammirati, COO, @SeanAmmirati

    1. Facebook will go public and the IPO will be a huge financial success.

    2. Hyperlocal advertising will heat up, delivering another nail in the traditional newspaper industry’s coffin. (Very similar to one of my 2008 predictions, but this time focused on the advertising aspects.) Specifically, it will be more common for a local establishment to pay marketing dollars to Yelp or FourSquare, for example, then their local newspaper.

    3. Apple will release an “iTablet” and the world will be a better place for it. OK, more accurately we’ll all think the world is a better place for it.

    4. Agree with Jolie regarding “the death of the login.” I’m hoping for open distributed alternatives along with Facebook and a handful of others.

    5. Between Boxee’s continued development and a new AppleTV (hopefully synched with their iTablet), it will become much more common to enjoy the Internet on a TV.

    Elyssa Pallai, Marketing & Experience Manager, @boulderservices

    1. Skype becomes increasingly pervasive, as the younger generations force their parents to get online, and consumers find new and interesting ways to cut costs and save money.

    2. Software as service becomes ever more popular, as businesses and governments choose to focus on their core business and realize the benefits of lightweight technologies in the cloud – including rapid deployment and the low cost of switching.

    3. The online user experience has a renaissance, as web browsers and hardware become more sophisticated and designers and developers take advantage of that.

    4. The growth of Internet of Things continues, RFID tags in everything. The initial bugs will make funny things happen all around us.

    5. iPhones and other smartphones become the purchasing tool of choice.

    6. Consumers bypass carriers and create open wifi networks for all (which is already happening but not en mass).

    Jared Smith, Webmaster, @jaredwsmith

    1. Backlash against the App Store causes more and more developers to defect to Android and competing platforms.

    2. Google Chrome’s market share increases at Firefox’s expense. Internet Explorer continues to lose ground as more rich, HTML5-aware Web apps spring up on the scene.

    3. Opera begins to struggle, as WebKit becomes the rendering engine of choice on mobile devices.

    4. Social analytics features explode onto the scene in 2010. Twitter opens Pro accounts, including analytics and an API to access them. Google strikes a deal to integrate Twitter analytics with its Google Analytics product.

    Discuss


  • Best LittleCo of 2009 & Most Promising for 2010

    Don’t worry, it’s not Twitter! For our Best LittleCo of 2009, we’ve chosen a small company whose product launched in 2009 and quickly became a leading example of one of the year’s big trends: the real-time web.

    Our pick for Most Promising is something that could change the way people search on the Web.

    Last week we announced that Google was our choice for Best BigCo of 2009, due to its product innovation in 2009. Today we’re announcing Best LittleCo and Most Promising Company, as selected by the ReadWriteWeb writers.

    Sponsor

    This is the 6th year we’ve done this and many of the small companies we choose each year go onto much bigger things. Here’s a quick look back at previous winners:

    • In 2008 we chose web office vendor Zoho as Best LittleCo and Brightkite as our Most Promising. Zoho is still competing well above its weight bracket against office software giants like Microsoft and Google. However it’s fair to say that Brightkite hasn’t delivered as much on its promise as we thought it might, due in part to the emergence of Foursquare as ‘the next big thing’ in mobile social networking.
    • In 2007 Twitter was Best LittleCo and in a break from tradition we named "the open source movement" as most promising. Twitter, of course, has since gone on to make a huge impact on the Web and media.
    • In 2006 YouTube was Best LittleCo and Sharpcast Most Promising. YouTube was acquired by Google in October of that year.
    • In 2005 37Signals was Best LittleCo and Memeorandum (now Techmeme) and Digg were joint Most Promising.
    • In 2004 Ludicorp, creators of Flickr, was Best LittleCo and Feedburner Most Promising. Both went on to be acquired, by Yahoo! and Google respectively.

    Now let’s find out who is ReadWriteWeb’s Best LittleCo of 2009. Then on page 2 we name our Most Promising company for 2010.

    Best LittleCo of 2009: Aardvark

    Aardvark (our initial review and then a comparison review) is a social search engine that combines artificial intelligence, natural-language processing and presence data to create what the company calls “the real-time Web of people.” The company was founded in 2007, but the product only launched in March 2009 at SXSW. It quickly became one of the companies we point to most when we discuss the Real-Time Web, one of the most significant trends of this year.

    In our report on the Real-Time Web released in November, we described how it works:

    "You can ask Aardvark any question, and it will try to find a person in your extended social circles who knows about that topic and is available to answer at that moment. Aardvark facilitates these conversations through a very polite IM bot, an iPhone app with push notifications, the company’s website, Twitter or email. Instead of broadcasting your question to every one’s stream of information, Aardvark delivers the question only to people who are relevant and available."

    Unlike Yahoo Answers or similar services, Aardvark doesn’t keep a repository of frequently asked questions. The service’s mission is to get you current answers from experts in your own social networks. On most days, over 85% of all questions get answered.

    As we noted in our report, Aardvark’s got an all-star team of engineers from Google and Yahoo and high-profile investors. It’s already cutting deals with major tech brands and is rumored to be on Google’s acquisition list. Whatever happens to the company, the use cases for Aardvark are just beginning to be explored.

    In short, Aardvark impressed us a lot this year and it made no fewer than 3 of our 2009 best-of lists:

    Aardvark’s iPhone app was also popular with our writers, two of them putting it in their top 5 mobile web applications of the year.

    Next page: ReadWriteWeb’s Most Promising Company for 2010…