{"id":398871,"date":"2010-03-07T03:08:58","date_gmt":"2010-03-07T08:08:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/globalvoicesonline.org\/?p=126442"},"modified":"2010-03-07T03:08:58","modified_gmt":"2010-03-07T08:08:58","slug":"syria-bloggers-discuss-secularism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/398871","title":{"rendered":"Syria: Bloggers Discuss Secularism"},"content":{"rendered":"

Humans are religious creatures. Or are they really?<\/p>\n

The Middle East has known waves of political ideologies throughout its long history, but it is often associated with Islam, not only as a system of belief or a cultural matrix, but also as a political ideology that is inseparable from the region's politics and forms of government. Islam's pervasiveness in every aspect of life makes it more a way of life than a strictly devotional faith. Some consider secularism a cornerstone of democracy and human progress, while others think religion can never really be separated from politics. Syrian bloggers have been reflecting on secularism: What it really means? Can it really be achieved in a Muslim majority country? Or is it just another Western ideology, incompatible with the region's traditions and values?<\/p>\n

\"Arab<\/p>\n

Anas Online<\/em><\/a> [Ar] (An@s<\/em>) started the discussion. Under the title “The Schizophrenia of Arab Secularists,” he writes:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

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\n1- \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629.
\n2- \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648(\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

There are two antagonistic parties in this debate:
\n1 – one that sees no harm in the presence of parties based on religious grounds, entitled to participate in the political arena and even to access power
\n2 – and another that considers that everybody is entitled to establish a political party, provided that it is not based on religious grounds<\/div>\n

An@s<\/em> sees a contradiction in the Arab secularists' support for resistance movements in the region, since most of the latter stem from religious parties. He wonders:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u061f \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627:<\/p>\n

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Is it really a kind of schizophrenia? Let us try to study this phenomenon with some logic and come up with some possible explanations:<\/p>\n

The first possibility: the secular Arab being after all born in a society with a five century old Islamic heritage, s\/he carries in her\/his conscience the genes of those who were unified and empowered by Islam and who once ruled half the world. Maybe the secular Arab tries to deny this, or perhaps s\/he tries to convince her\/himself that times have changed and that what was successful in the past under so-called Islamic rule, might no longer work today. S\/he even goes on writing whole pages and articles about these ideas but changes her\/his mind immediately when they have to be put to the test. S\/he does not see at the end of the tunnel other than the flicker of light coming from those same “Islamic” movements.<\/p>\n

The second possibility: a secular Arab would associate with the devil in person if that devil was waging war against Israel. There, all the differences and barriers vanish, and the issue becomes so big the secularist can no longer think about it in the same way! Can you imagine the secular Arab standing by the Israeli enemy just because of an opposition to the idea of Islamic parties? This is out of the question.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Commenting on Anas Online<\/em>'s post, Mutanazih <\/em>(\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a) criticizes what he considers an unfair interpretation of secularism. He writes:<\/p>\n

\n
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Secularism that you're rejecting Sir, has made your country (Syria) safe from the oppression of religious people. And secularism Sir has allowed the Christian minister to sit next to the Sunni minister, himself sitting next to the Druze and the Alawee. Secularism has made friendships and mixed marriages between Syrian people possible. My friend, we do not want another Iraq where blood is shed with no regard for human lives, and we do not want another Lebanon where we would insult each other just because our intellectual backgrounds differ. That's why I'm calling upon you to cease such rhetoric, you and your commentators are having, and accept the other. I like secularism, but I also do like the moderate religious person, for as much as I have an opinion that I endorse and defend, and for which I would never harm or kill, I do respect the religious person who acts in the same way.<\/div>\n

Anas Qtiesh<\/a><\/em> [Ar] is a Syrian blogger. He writes:<\/p>\n

\n
\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 (\u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Correct me if I am wrong but I think we do not want to live in countries like Saudi Arabia, where people are forced to wear particular clothes (imposed beyond any reasonable requirements of decency) and prevented from mixing and from innocent interaction between the sexes. A country that prohibits women from driving and accessing a number of jobs. And also a country where people are hit in the streets to force them to perform prayers. We do not want to live in a country like France neither: a country that persecutes its religious minorities, banning the Muslim veil or niqab for example, under the pretense of women's rights and human rights.<\/div>\n

Anas Qtiesh<\/em> also asks for a more informed reading of the history of secular movements:<\/p>\n

\n
\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 (\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641) \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 […] \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u201d\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642. \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 […]
\n\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
If Anas (Online) reconsiders closely his point of view he would discover that secularists have always supported resistance, all forms of resistance, even those they disagree with ideologically (this is not something we can say about certain “religious” people who do not want to see weapons in the hands of a resistance of a different religious sect). The most important here is to defend the land and not tolerate its occupation. The idea is that the Islamic Resistance is the strongest and most influential at the moment, but it is not “the only light at the end of the tunnel.” Anyone who carries a weapon to fight a colonizer is a light at the end of the tunnel. I see no contradiction and no schizophrenia here. There are only priorities and [political] awareness. Considering the political situation on the ground, where Anas sees schizophrenia, I see an affirmation of reason and logic […]
\nI believe that my freedom ends where the freedom of others begins and I refuse to live in a society that does not respect the freedom of others, all the others. One is free in his life as long as s\/he does not harm others. Islamic or religious parties are not the absolute evil some secularists are alleging, but these are a necessary part of a political process where they represent the interests of the people who believe in and support them. We all agree to reject all repressive and totalitarian regimes, whether secular or religious.\n<\/div>\n

Also commenting on Anas Online<\/em> blog, Ahmed Bakdash<\/em><\/a> [Ar] writes:<\/p>\n

\n

\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 ,
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u064a\u062f , \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 , \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a […] \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 ..\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

The problem from my point of view is not whether we are for or against religious parties. The problem is, we all suffer from schizophrenia. All our parties, whether religious or not, are totalitarian, from the Baath to the Syrian Nationalists to the Arab Islamists.<\/div>\n

Another commenter, Hunter<\/em>, seems to be more interested in what political parties can deliver, regardless of their political background:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\u0633\u0623\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0631\u0623\u064a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b
\n\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
I would say I'm a citizen who wants only two things: first freedom, and second economic prosperity. If an Islamic party can give me what the Turkish Justice and Development ruling Party has delivered to the Turkish people, then a warm welcome to it. But if this Islamic party will give me the kind of service Hamas or the Muslim Brotherhood have provided, then no, thank you very much! I need someone who can assist me and lead me to progress and prosperity, not cultural decline and chaos.<\/div>\n

Yassine Swiha<\/em>, writing on Syrian Gavroche<\/a><\/em> [Ar] is another Syrian blogger. He thinks secularism is facing major problems in the Arab world:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0637\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647, \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627, \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0645, \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649, \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0626\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645”.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

Many people have a stereotypical and negative idea about secularism, such as considering it anti-religious or assuming that secular people are immoral and are calling for moral deprivation. These stereotypes have largely been nurtured by groups hostile to any secular idea, based on a dogmatic religious ideology that sees an enemy in any alternative theory. But the greater responsibility rests with the secular intellectual elite that failed to transmit a clear picture of secular thinking. This failure may be due to harassment, bans and the various other difficulties, but it is mainly due to the fact that many of those intellectuals have taken comfort in their retreat to an ivory tower, away from the “grassroots.”<\/div>\n

Yassine Swiha<\/em> goes on to explain that some Western countries' attitude toward their Muslim communities, shouldn't be blamed on their secularism. He writes:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0640”\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0629, \u0648 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0648 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0635\u0651\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631”\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

The origin of the conflict over the veil is right-wing nationalism and is loaded with chauvinist and reactionary tendencies. It is not related to the principles of the French Revolution nor to the liberating, romantic “spirit of the French Republic.” Sarkozy, with his political thinking, constitutes the symbol of this (right-wing) trend -a vision that underpins the radicalization of the national identity in the face of the so-called “immigrant invasion.”<\/div>\n

Mohammad Online<\/a><\/em> [Ar] disagrees with Yassine's analysis. He writes a comment saying:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 .
\n\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u061f \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u061f \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u060c \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u061f\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Trying to put the blame over the banning of the hijab (Muslim veil) and the persecution of all religious signs, away from secularism is nonsense because secularists themselves have acknowledged, time and again, their intention to wage a war against everything religious. Does the war on Hijab exist only in France? What about the rest of Europe? What about the banning of minarets in Switzerland and the abuse of the Koran in the Netherlands? Wasn't all that based on secularism?\n<\/div>\n

An anonymous commenter joins the conversation saying:<\/p>\n

\n
\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0641\u0648 \u0634\u0648 \u0639\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u062f \u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627
\n\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 .. \u0645\u0634 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0646\u0627<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
I'm not against religion. All I'm saying is we should stop fixating on the West, taking few examples out of context and accusing the West of hypocrisy while we have enough problems of our own. I hope the day will come when we will call ourselves by our names and judge ourselves for our acts and not for our religions or sects.<\/div>\n

Mohamed Mesrati<\/em><\/a> [Ar] adds his voice to the debate<\/a> [Ar]. He writes:<\/p>\n

\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u064f \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u063a\u0637\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0650 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064f \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0647 […]
\n\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 (\u0643\u0641\u0643\u0631) \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642… <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

Before we start talking about secularism in the Arab world, we ought to talk about democracy (or lack thereof) in the region. The fundamental problem is authoritarian rule and the lack of any space in which we can express our thoughts. The arrogant and authoritarian Arab ruler knows that religion is an effective way to control the people […]
\nI consider myself to be a secular human being. I believe in openness. I don't believe in Arab nationalism which (as an ideology) I consider racist. It's a system that led to the persecution of many ethnic minorities living in the Middle East, like Amazighs in North Africa and Kurds in the Levant and Iraq.<\/div>\n

Sham<\/em>, writing on Tabashir<\/a><\/em> (\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0631) [Ar], tries to draw the line between secularism and atheism. She writes:<\/p>\n

\n
\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u064e \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 ( \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 ) \u0648 \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 .<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
What unites secularism and atheism today are people, many of whom atheists, calling for secularism as a way of living, dedicating themselves to defend and support it (just as some religious people do support secularism as a way of life). It is thus wrong and superficial to link atheism to secularism, like some wrongly do. <\/div>\n

Razan Ghazzawi<\/em> is another Syrian blogger<\/a>. She adds this comment to Sham's post:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a, \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627, \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u064a\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0632\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

The problem with secularism is that it assumes that the issue is with religious rule, and this is a wrong presumption. The problem lies primarily with state authority first, then with clerical authority, something that translates into an authoritarian culture that extends to the government, and is in turn exerted on the marginalized. The problem is the authoritarianism not religion. Whether it's an atheist, religious or secular rule, it doesn't make any difference.<\/div>\n

The debate continues.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Humans are religious creatures. Or are they really? The Middle East has known waves of political ideologies throughout its long history, but it is often associated with Islam, not only as a system of belief or a cultural matrix, but also as a political ideology that is inseparable from the region's politics and forms of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4371,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-398871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4371"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=398871"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398871\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=398871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=398871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=398871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}