{"id":85335,"date":"2009-12-16T12:46:20","date_gmt":"2009-12-16T17:46:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/?p=9615"},"modified":"2009-12-16T12:46:20","modified_gmt":"2009-12-16T17:46:20","slug":"in-defense-of-meat-eaters-part-1-the-evolutionary-angle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/85335","title":{"rendered":"In Defense of Meat Eaters, Part 1: The Evolutionary Angle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" title=\"Cow and Ground Beef\" src=\"http:\/\/i247.photobucket.com\/albums\/gg158\/MDA2008\/MDA2009\/meat1.jpg\" alt=\"meat1 In Defense of Meat Eaters, Part 1: The Evolutionary Angle \" width=\"320\" height=\"212\" \/>Meat is murder.<\/p>\n<p>Meat will clog your arteries.<\/p>\n<p>Meat is an unnatural food.<\/p>\n<p>Man is really an herbivore.<\/p>\n<p>Meat will give you cancer.<\/p>\n<p>Meat is bad for the environment.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s easy to forget that these are the common arguments leveled against meat-eaters. It\u2019s easy to forget that most of the developed world assumes meat is inherently unhealthy \u2013 for our health, for the environment, and for animals. It\u2019s easy to forget these things because, as Primal Blueprinters, we&#8217;re immersed in the literature and are actively involved in what we eat. To that end we understand that man evolved eating meat, that meat is an important part of a healthy human diet, and that meat production doesn\u2019t have to be the unsustainable, industrialized monster it\u2019s mostly become (and which rightly garners the most negative press). Still, what is the average meat eater to say in opposition to these charges?<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"more-9615\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>First, when people condemn meat-eating, they aren\u2019t actually railing against Primal eaters. They\u2019re fighting a bogeyman, a perverted corruption of what a real meat-eater constitutes. They see the slaughterhouse-porn videos and assume that\u2019s how it always goes down. You mention you eat a high-fat, high-animal food diet, and all they see is E. coli-contaminated blood on your hands. You mention something about local farms and pastured animals, but all they hear is the imagined cries of slaughtered calves, fattened on corn and soy that could have fed starving children. You smell the seared gristle and delicious beefy scent of a grilling steak, while they can smell only the excessive methane flatulence of a cow on a junk food diet. Now I don&#8217;t mean to paint an unfair or inaccurate portrait of your average anti-meat activist. But the fact remains that many simply have a viscerally negative reaction to the very idea of meat eating. They see the horrible conditions on factory farms and can think of nothing else. It makes sense, actually; I cringe (and wrinkle my nose) whenever I drive by that CAFO in Coalinga on I-5 heading to northern California, for example. If that\u2019s all they see, I can\u2019t say I blame them for being intolerant of meat-eating.<\/p>\n<p>Still, it\u2019s largely an emotional argument against meat eating, and that can be easily countered with real facts and awareness. By definition, an emotive argument shuns reason (when it conflicts) and clings to straws that bolster the emotion. The passionate anti-meat activist even carries a static arsenal of factoids and soundbites that sound true and gel with <a title=\"The Definitive Guide to Conventional Wisdom\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/the-definitive-guide-to-conventional-wisdom\/\" >Conventional Wisdom<\/a>. They might sound sensible, but they crumble under close scrutiny. My personal favorites are the anti-meat arguments that invoke human evolution as justification, simply because they\u2019re so specious and so easy to counter. Let&#8217;s take a look&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Man is really an herbivore.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>They love pulling this one. Fruitarians point to the fruit-loving chimps as proof \u2013 they\u2019re our closest living relatives (though not as close as the purely carnivorous Neanderthals were, not that they\u2019d acknowledge that little fact) and they eat a diet of roughly 70% fruit, with some insects and other plant matter thrown in. If they\u2019re our closest living relatives, doesn\u2019t it follow that our diet should be pretty similar to theirs? I dunno about you, but I consider six million years of evolutionary change to be a pretty <a title=\"Our Ancestor: Not Chimp, Not Human\" href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/history\/etc\/091001-human-ancestor-not-chimp-not-human.html\" >significant amount of time<\/a>. Oh, and don\u2019t tell them about those chimps that actively hunt monkeys and other apes for fresh, raw meat. Just show them this <a title=\"Chimps hunting a monkey\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WDFh5JdYh7I\" >video<\/a> instead.<\/p>\n<p>A lot can happen in six million years. Why, it might even be enough time \u2013 theoretically, of course \u2013 for a hominid to develop a big brain, hands with a precision grip that facilitated tool development, a fully bipedal gait with proper weight transmission at the ankles, mastery over fire, and a fully-fledged linguistic system. But no, six million years isn\u2019t enough time for hominids to adapt to eating meat.<\/p>\n<p>In reality, of course, meat fueled our evolution, as you\u2019ll see in a bit. We are obligate omnivores, if not closet carnivores (if we have to).<\/p>\n<p><strong>But wait \u2013 what about our eight times body length small intestine? Carnivores\u2019 small intestines are around three times their body length, while herbivores have much longer ones, right?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Actually, when measured from ass to mouth (the real distance that matters), our 8 to 1 ratio lies roughly in the middle of the pack between obligate carnivores like dogs (3.5 to 1) and cats (3 to 1), and herbivores like cows (20 to 1) and horses (12 to 1). How perfect is that? The obligate omnivore is nestled right in between the carnivore and the herbivore.<\/p>\n<p>Besides, intestinal length isn\u2019t even the best way to determine dietary need. An animal\u2019s particular arsenal of digestive organs is. Actual herbivores have special organs designated for breaking down cellulose \u2013 multi-compartmental stomachs, for example. We have but one, and it absolutely cannot break down cellulose to any significant degree. If we were herbivores, we might even have rabbit-like <a title=\"Wikipedia: Cecum\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cecum\" >cecums<\/a>, highly developed digestive sacs that do the brunt of the digestive work for hindgut digesters. I almost wish we had that capability, if only for the advantage of <a title=\"Wikipedia: Cecotropes\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cecotropes\" >cecotropes<\/a> \u2013 fecal pellets high in vitamins, nutrients, and proteins that rabbits expel for later consumption. Delicious.<\/p>\n<p>Our measly little stomachs can\u2019t handle all that fiber. If a person really wanted to be a true herbivore, he or she\u2019d have to chew cud for hours (that\u2019s why cows are known for chewing cud \u2013 it\u2019s a way to predigest all that tough stuff), vomit it up after a little digestive work in the stomach, and repeat the process. Thanks, but I\u2019ll just take some steak with my salad.<\/p>\n<p>And, like clockwork, they interrupt with:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Okay, maybe we did eat some meat, but we were scavengers fighting over scraps. Meat wasn\u2019t a big part of our diet!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Not if you believe the fossil <a title=\"Hominids Manipulated Bones\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6WJS-45KV1VM-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_fmt=&amp;_orig=search&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_searchStrId=1119088485&amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=6b16c06802ede1c2bf93d6e96a33db59\" >evidence<\/a> that shows hominids actually manipulated bones \u201con which flesh was abundant\u2026 rather than defleshed from field kills.\u201d We weren\u2019t just starving opportunists. We actively hunted animals, large and small, to obtain large amounts of meat and <a title=\"Animal Fats\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/yet-another-primal-primer-animal-fats\/\" >fat<\/a>. The only way to get your hands on an intact carcass loaded with delicious flesh \u2013 as the evidence clearly shows our ancestors did so on a regular basis &#8211; is to kill it yourself. Waiting around for the lions to have their share is hyena territory, scavenger stuff. You don\u2019t become the ultimate predator and propagate your species across the entire globe by solely scavenging for bone scraps \u2013 although we did plenty of that, too, as fossil records show evidence of <a title=\"Tool-Making Human Ancestors Inhabited Grassland Environments Two Million Years Ago\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2009\/10\/091020203420.htm\" >bone marrow extraction from two million years ago<\/a> using complex stone tools.<\/p>\n<p><strong>If we were meant to eat meat, we\u2019d have claws and big fangs.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tool-making and large brains are as much an inseparable part of humanity as claws and fangs are of lions. You might argue that claws and fangs \u201cmake\u201d the lion, because without them they would die out. Tools and big brains make the man. You can\u2019t take tools away simply because they aren\u2019t a physiological member attached to our bodies; tool making is an integral aspect of human evolution. Our hands and brains make tool usage possible. Think of our tools, our weapons, our hands, and our big brains as our \u201cclaws and big fangs.\u201dAnd as I mentioned earlier, we\u2019ve been using those technological \u201cclaws and big fangs\u201d to obtain meat and marrow for at least two million years, plenty of time for tools to become an essential aspect of our human-ness.<\/p>\n<p>Besides, we aren\u2019t arguing that man is purely carnivorous. He certainly can be, but the point of contention is whether meat is a natural part of the human diet. It clearly is. Throwing in shoddy comparisons to actual carnivores like lions and tigers is dishonest and only serves to muddy the waters.<\/p>\n<p>And so, it\u2019s not that we were \u201cmeant\u201d to eat meat. It\u2019s simply that we evolved eating meat. Meat represented a reliable source of dense caloric energy packed with nutrients and vitamins essential to our prosperity. Big brains (the existence of which, I\u2019m hoping, even the most ardent vegetarians don\u2019t argue against) were made possible by the consumption of meat, <a title=\"Organ Meats\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/organ-meats\/\" >organs<\/a>, and other nutrient-rich animal products. Instead of spending all their metabolic energy processing cellulose and plant matter, our ancestors turned to a high-meat diet, which utilized fat-soluble vitamins (already converted into the forms we can best take advantage of) and meant energy could be diverted away from a big fermenting pot of a stomach and toward fueling their massive brains. Our brains eat up about 25% of our basal metabolic rate, compared to <a title=\"Energy Metabolism and Brain Size\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/pss\/2744158\" >8-10% for the apes who eat far less animal matter<\/a>. Our brains are large and our guts (well, sometimes) are small and bereft of cellulose-consuming bacteria, while a gorilla\u2019s brain is relatively small and its gut enormous and well-equipped with the proper bacteria. How else are they supposed to process all that plant matter?<\/p>\n<p>Easy to digest meat and fat made our big brains possible. I\u2019m not saying vegetarianism makes people stupid, because it doesn\u2019t. I\u2019m just saying they should give credit where credit\u2019s due. You\u2019re able to ruminate on the horrors of meat eating and \u201carticulate\u201d your arguments for a very simple reason: your ancestors ate a ton of fresh, bloody meat and animal fat. Just be glad they didn\u2019t share your dietary proclivities, or else you\u2019d be ruminating on actual grass, twigs, and sticks instead of enjoying culture, language, music, and the other accomplishments of mankind\u2019s big ass brain.<\/p>\n<p>And that about sums up the evolutionary anti-meat angle. It sounds compelling, if all you\u2019ve got under your belt is a semester of high school biology, but it crumbles under real scrutiny.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tomorrow, we\u2019ll explore a couple other arguments, but for now, let\u2019s discuss any other examples of pseudo-scientific anti-meat talking points grounded in faulty evolutionary science. I\u2019m sure I missed a few\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><em><em><em><em>Get <a title=\"Mark's Daily Apple Feeds\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/..\/feeds\/\" >Free Health Tips, Recipes and Workouts<\/a> Delivered to Your Inbox<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/h4>\n<p>Related posts:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href='http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/in-defense-of-meat-eaters\/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: In Defense of Meat, Part 2: Animal and Human Well-Being'>In Defense of Meat, Part 2: Animal and Human Well-Being<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href='http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/did-grok-really-eat-that-much-meat\/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Did Grok Really Eat That Much Meat?'>Did Grok Really Eat That Much Meat?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href='http:\/\/www.marksdailyapple.com\/in-vitro-meat\/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: In Vitro Meat'>In Vitro Meat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meat is murder. Meat will clog your arteries. Meat is an unnatural food. Man is really an herbivore. Meat will give you cancer. Meat is bad for the environment. It\u2019s easy to forget that these are the common arguments leveled against meat-eaters. It\u2019s easy to forget that most of the developed world assumes meat is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-85335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85335"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85335\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mereja.media\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}