Barring any ties, it is safe to say that the ratio of silver to gold medals at the Vancouver 2010 Olympics will be 1:1. However, the ratio of global reserves of silver to gold is about 8.5:1 and the silver to gold production ratio is apprximately 9:1.
Analysts at Canaccord Adams note that since the 1970s, the average price ratio for silver versus gold has been about 65.5:1. Today, that ratio is 70.7:1.
Canaccord goes so far as to point out that the silver to gold ratio in an average lululemon anti-bacterial spandex garment is approximately 10,000:1.
"Although we are confident the Olympic medal and global reserve ratios are fairly reliable, we really have no idea how much silver or gold occurs in lululemon garments," the analysts said. " As such, we instead discuss the direction of the market price of silver versus that of gold."
The price of silver has dipped 18% since Jan. 19, 2010, while gold has risen 4%. This has pushed the gold to silver ratio up 17% to 70.7:1. Since 1975, this ratio has averaged 65.5, Canaccord noted. Since September 2006, it has averaged 59.2.
An estimated 400,000 tonnes of silver is held in global reserves compared to just 47,000 tonnes of gold (a ratio of 8.5:1), and 21,400 tonnes of silver was produced in 2009, versus 2,350 tonnes of gold (a ratio of 9.1:1).
Therefore, simply looking at abundance and production, Canaccord suggested that at a gold to silver price ratio of more than 70:1, silver is undervalued relative to gold. However, this conclusion does not take into account the demand side of the equation.
"Clearly, based on the pricing ratio of these metals, there is more demand for gold than silver on a proportionate basis to supply. Gold is widely viewed as a currency, is relied on as a hedge against inflation, and benefits from a flight-to-safety mentality during times of economic uncertainty." Silver may share some of those characteristics, but it does not appear to have the same demand profile as gold does.
As a result of differing demand profiles, the analysts say they would expect the gold to silver ratio to be high during periods of economic uncertainty and low industrial growth and low during periods of economic stability and relatively high industrial growth.
Comparing the ratio with the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), which measures American manufacturing growth, the gold to silver ratio and the ISM index generally display an inverse correlation. This comes as little surprise given that a high ISM index reading implies general manufacturing and economic growth, which would increase industrial silver demand. "Conversely, a low ISM reading implies economic stagnation and potential uncertainty, which could increase gold demand given that a flight-to-safety mentality can influence investors during such times," Canaccord said.
Through the fourth quarter of 2009 and into this year, the gold to silver ratio has increased, and so has the ISM. However, historical trends show this doesn't happen for extended periods. As a result, Cannacord expects to see a reversal in either the ISM reading or the gold to silver ratio at some point.
Jonathan Ratner
