Author: gordonmoyes.com

  • Sydney Metro employment redundancies

    Reverend the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes: I ask a question without notice of the Treasurer, and Special Minister of State. Is the Treasurer aware that the scrapping of the CBD metro will cost more than an estimated 350 jobs and will cost New South Wales taxpayers approximately $330 million? Is the Treasurer aware that in addition to permanent and temporary staff employed by the now-defunct Sydney Metro Authority almost 300 engineers, designers and planners may also require compensation? In particular, is the Treasurer aware that, in addition, $60 million will be paid to firms who tendered for work with the Sydney Metro Authority? Given that these figures are a staggering blow to New South Wales taxpayers, can the Treasurer explain how the costs contributed to the scrapping of the CBD metro are examples of “green shoots of economic recovery”?

    The Hon. Eric Roozendaal: I do not know from where the member got a lot of the numbers he quoted. In terms of the CBD metro it is worth reflecting that the New South Wales Government has listened to the community and has made the tough decision to stop work on that project. That decision was taken by the New South Wales Government following extensive reviews of the State’s future transport priorities. We acknowledge the resources and effort put into the process by tenderers for the major construction contracts, and that matter will be dealt with fairly, properly and promptly. The New South Wales Government is working swiftly to support the tenderers affected by the decision and they will be reimbursed for reasonable costs incurred. We have made it clear that we will deal with those challenges.

    The Hon. Catherine Cusack: You have no idea how much this is going to cost.

    The Hon. Eric Roozendaal: The member has no idea about costings on anything. The Opposition has numerous unfunded promises, and to I would need a good 10 minutes to mention them all. We have announced a $50.2 billion plan, fully funded over 10 years, to meet the challenges of transport in New South Wales, particularly in Sydney. The plan provides not only for a new Western Express line to benefit people all over western Sydney, a light rail, cycleways and commuter car parks, it contains also a cohesive strategy to deal with the public transport challenges in this State. We remain committed to delivering on outcomes for the people of New South Wales.

    On the issue of green shoots, New South Wales has been leading the nation in terms of economic recovery. I have answered several questions today outlining that point. In particular, $65.5 billion worth of infrastructure over four years will be delivered in this State, with 165,000 jobs being supported by the Government’s investment infrastructure. Over the next four years the Government will invest more into infrastructure than any other State government. We are committed to supporting the growth of the New South Wales economy and to having more jobs in this State, with 51,500 additional jobs becoming available since March last year.

    These statistics are real proof that the New South Wales economy is recovering. Members may well ask why that is, and the answer is that the New South Wales Labor Government and the Australian Labor Government together have grappled with the challenge of the global financial crisis and taken swift action in terms of the stimulus measures at both State and national levels. What did the Opposition do? It opposed the stimulus measures. The Opposition was proved wrong. All Opposition members were proved wrong. The only one who can count over there is David Clarke. What a fine moment for David Clarke—Barry O’Farrell’s candidate, part of the hardline Liberal Party, re-elected. What a victory for the Liberal Party! I see the Hon. Marie Ficarra over there—

    The Hon. Duncan Gay: Point of order: My point of order relates to relevance. The question asked about the $330 million blown on the Sydney metro—not about the success of our friend David Clarke in returning to this place.

    The President: Order! There is no point of order.

  • Motion to Disallow clause 5(1)(a) of the Retirement Villages Regulation 2009

    On behalf of Family First I speak to the motion to disallow a clause of the Retirement Villages Regulation 2009. The purpose of the motion is to disallow clause 5 (1) (a) of the Retirement Villages Regulation 2009, which deals with the split of costs for capital maintenance between residents and operators of retirement villages. I note that the regulation has not yet been laid on the table in the Parliament but was published on the Office of Fair Trading website on 18 December 2009. Implementation of the regulation is currently set by the Government for 1 March 2010. When the former Minister for Fair Trading, the Hon. Linda Burney, introduced the retirement villages legislation she stated:

    Unquestionably the most significant changes in the bill involve the treatment of capital maintenance and capital replacement All sides agree that the present approach, which makes residents responsible for maintenance and operators liable for replacing capital items, is not working.

    Certainly it is not working now, and it is the cause of a great deal of unrest and unhappiness among residents. Governments owe a duty of care to those who have contributed to the development of our society. This duty of care does not stop with the provision of the physical structure of housing. It must extend to protecting the consumer rights of the elderly, and the impact on their health and wellbeing that can result from anxiety and the feeling of powerlessness when faced with complex, and sometimes unconscionable, terms and conditions which would be unacceptable to the community at large. The core principle in any policy concerning retirement villages should be to keep simple any legislation or contracts employed, and within the capacity of older people to understand and deal with their requirements.

    In a former life—and now for over 38 years—I had been responsible for the retirement villages being constructed and leased throughout Victoria and New South Wales, which involved the investment of hundreds of millions of dollars by a not-for-profit organisation in the provision of retirement villages for the aged. I can say from not only having been responsible for working in matters of design and development but also from having worked with many hundreds, now running into thousands, of residents that this is a very complex issue. It seems to me, with the limited discussions I have had with the various Ministers and also with public servants in their departments, that they simply do not understand some of the basic principles involved.

    As part of my early life I was appointed an expert mediator to judge conflicts between owners and residents of a number of independent retirement villages. I was quite amazed, for example, in my first experience as a moderator in conflict to discover that—in spite of what was said in a rather disparaging way by a previous speaker on behalf of the Government—among the residents there were people with extreme abilities and competence. Indeed, in one meeting I had several High Court judges, a retired Supreme Court judge, and a number of senior lawyers and accountants, who had nothing else to do but work through the legislation word by word. Without question they knew far more than anybody from the Office of Fair Trading, including the bureaucrats and the Minister concerned.

    A second principle that I believe should be understood is that an endeavour should always be made to strike a balance between the expectations of the owner-operators and the aspirations of residents, which while divergent are not irreconcilable, to redress the existing inequality not just in financial terms but also in the power relationship between those two major stakeholders in the retirement villages sector. But the reality is that maintenance costs have in recent days clearly shifted onto residents unfairly. The Retirement Village Association, representing village owners and operators, many of whom are simply building companies—who are interested in making significant profits in the building of retirement villages, rather than in the operating of them and providing care for the residents—said in a rather disgusting memorandum and press release that the Hon. Penny Sharpe just made reference to: “The amendments are estimated to provide savings to the industry in New South Wales of approximately $70 million per annum”.

    The Hon. Penny Sharpe indicated she has no evidence as to whether this figure is accurate, and the department has no idea whether or not it is true, which is bypassing the entire point. The owners claim they will be making an extra $70 million. Obviously the residents consider that $70 million can only come from one place: through their weekly, fortnightly or monthly costs, or upon their leaving their units. The Retirement Village Residents Association is deeply concerned that despite several attempts the legislative provisions governing the operation of the industry continue to be weighted heavily in favour of owners-operators of retirement villages to the financial detriment and, consequently, the detriment to the general health and wellbeing of residents.

    The association is also deeply concerned about the unnecessary complexity and onerous financial and other terms and conditions that operators apply to contracts that a retiree signs in return for what is really temporary residence rights to a dwelling. I ask honourable members to consider this: most residents are either whole-of-life lessees or they rent their dwelling units. As such they do not share in the capital appreciation of the value of their dwelling, which obviously rises year by year. All capital appreciation value belongs only in one centre: the owners of the property. Consequently the owners, not the lessee or the people renting, should pay for capital costs for the rehabilitation or replacement of their dwellings.

    Further, there is a lack of opportunity for residents to provide input into, and participate in, the decision-making that affects their lives, and in the management and day-today operation of their villages. I am quite aware of the regular meetings that residents are entitled to have and of annual general meetings and such where the issues discussed are usually those concerning the recurrent fee on a weekly, fortnightly or monthly basis about costs for gardening et cetera, and very rarely is mention ever made of ongoing heavy maintenance costs.

    According to the Retirement Village Residents Association, capital maintenance is arguably the most central and important issue of the lengthy updating of retirement village legislation. I believe this has been mishandled, even though I have personally been to the Minister and met with representatives of her Office of Fair Trading. Residents believe that all costs involved in preserving a village’s assets, which includes all the dwellings, roads, drainage, kerbing and guttering, roofing, brickwork et cetera, should be met entirely by the person or the entity that owns the village assets. If residents have strata title ownership of their dwellings and village, and therefore participate in profits from capital appreciation, they should meet part or a share of such costs. Similarly, if the village owner is the operator who leases or licenses the dwellings within to residents then the operator who leases or licenses the dwellings within to residents must legally be required to meet costs. Interestingly, this exact viewpoint is shared by the findings of the Review of the NSW Retirement Villages Act 1999 by the Office of Fair Trading in 2005, which stated:

    Maintenance, replacement or improvement of capital items within a village, other than within premises owned by a resident—

    things such as refrigerators, carpets, stoves, painting et cetera—

    should be the responsibility of operators. This is in line with the laws applying to landlords of other premises.

    For example, if I were to rent a unit at Newtown and I found cracks in the walls, doors out of plumb and windows that did not operate it would be the responsibility of the owner of the property from whom I rented it; it is not my responsibility as the person who pays weekly rent. The Office of Fair Trading admits that in its own statement, which I have just read on to the Hansard. The Retirement Villages Act 1999 was introduced by the Government to modify the excesses of some operators—usually building companies that move into the field to make a profit on the building of the centres.

    The Government makes no attempt to control the prices charged by the operators as it is argued that market forces should be the determinant of prices. Many residents entering villages have only a vague understanding of the contracts that they have executed or signed. The amendments to Retirement Villages Act in 2008, and the supporting regulations, have failed to correct the imbalances that retirement village residents have experienced.

  • Ovarian Cancer

    Reverend the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes: On behalf of Family First I speak in support of the motion. I thank the Hon. Kayee Griffin and the Hon. Marie Ficarra for their passion and concern with respect to ovarian cancer. One of the good things about the current Government, which does not receive proper acknowledgment, has been its support over the past 10 years of a range of medical research and cancer research initiatives. I praise the Government for its continued work. I support Teal Ribbon Day. I am a donor to the Gynaecological Oncology Research Foundation and will be at the breakfast for parliamentarians tomorrow.

    Ovarian cancer is not widely screened for and Family First is concerned for the welfare and health of women everywhere. As a layman, one of the problems I see with this cancer is that the symptoms are very common. Many women over the age of 30 have common symptoms such as being overweight, feeling bloated and having pelvic cramps. I notice that the literature gives severe warnings to women against the use of talcum powder. Being the husband of a lady who enjoys very fine talcum powder and who is always delighted when I give her some, I do note the warning about powder placed near a woman’s genital area. There is significant evidence that powder grounds move and can coagulate around the ovaries, which could be a major cause of ovarian cancer. There is a simple remedy: not to use talcum powder. I encourage members to support the motion and again thank the previous speakers.

  • Relationship Register for gay couples in NSW

    23 February 2010

    Gay and unmarried heterosexual couples will now be able to register their relationships so that they can access and receive the same legal entitlements as married couples.

    The NSW Government announced today that it will be introducing legislation to create the legislation modelled on other jurisdictions such as the ACT, Victoria and Tasmania. NSW will not provide for civil unions

    The relationships register will help remove discrimination faced not just by unmarried heterosexual couples but also those in same-sex relationships. The NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages will administer the relationship register.

    To be eligible to register a relationship on the Relationships Register, couples must be in a committed, exclusive relationship, not be married or in another relationship that is registered or registrable, and be 18 years of age or older; and one person must be a resident of NSW.

    Although supporting the removal of barriers faced by unmarried and same sex couples, Dr Gordon Moyes, NSW Parliamentary Leader of Family First, said, “Our primary concern is for the welfare of the family. Children have a right to be raised by a mother and father not just two people of the same sex.”

    Dr Moyes continued, “The Government is sugar-coating this move by saying it will remove discrimination and injustice for same-sex couples. But there is already adequate protection for their rights under all the laws protecting de-facto relationship whether same-sex or different partnerships. Having the NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages administer the relationship register is just an attempt to have a back door marriage.”

    “It is not about justice for a couple of adults. Marriage is the only guarantee for justice for children”, Dr Moyes concluded. END.

  • The Jerusalem Syndrome

    Jerusalem is an amazing city, beautiful, historic and for Muslims, Jews and Christians, it is the Holy City – a central place to the world’s three leading faiths; and a magnet for foreign pilgrims. It is also a target for mentally sick people and also the cause of mental illness in otherwise mentally balanced pilgrims.

    Many of these religious tourists believe that modern Israel will be the site of the end of the world. A recent series of movies, books and tapes based on a coming Apocalypse have sold 60 million copies in the United States, the home of such ‘pre-Millennialist dispensationalism’.

    But for some believers, visiting Jerusalem brings them a little too close to God. Each year, dozens of visitors are diagnosed with the psychotic disorder known as the “Jerusalem Syndrome” – first described in the 1930s by a Jerusalem psychiatrist, Heinz Herman. Dr. Herman had noticed that during visits to Jerusalem, some Christians and Jews developed very unusual behaviour patterns. The syndrome is now claimed to afflict about 100 people a year.

    Every year in Israel’s Holy City, a handful of Christian tourists are suddenly transformed from seemingly healthy, normal people to street preaching, psalm singing Bible characters. Those who are affected by the Jerusalem Syndrome begin vigorously bathing to purify themselves, dress in robes or sheets, and begin preaching in the streets believing they are Moses, John the Baptist, or Jesus Christ, among others, who were sent on a “divine mission”.

    The Jerusalem Syndrome is usually benign; however, those affected by it have been known to cause trouble. Doctors and law enforcement officers treat the bizarre behaviour of the Jerusalem Syndrome with caution.

    As the year 2000 approached, the number of tourists anticipating the coming apocalypse grew drastically. It was estimated that as many as 50 people a week required hospitalization. Although the Jerusalem Syndrome affects many that have a history of psychiatric problems, many who experience the same delusions are sane, healthy and successful businessmen, teachers, and professionals.

    Israeli authorities, undercover, monitor these visitors closely, as they are regarded as a potential security threat. Authorities believe that potentially, there’s a more sinister aspect to Jerusalem Syndrome – the potential for exploitation by radical groups both within Judaism and Islam.

    A radical small minority of Jews want to dismantle the third holiest site in Islam – the Dome of the Rock from whence it is believed by Muslims that Mohammed ascended into heaven leaving behind his footprint in the rock in the nearby Al-Aqsa Mosque – in order to rebuild a Jewish temple on the same site that was said to have been destroyed by the Romans nearly 2,000 years ago.

    I have met there, people suffering from the Jerusalem Syndrome who told me they already had plans for the Third Temple that would depend upon blowing up the Mosque revered by all Muslims. They have the support of some Fundamentalist Jewish groups and some very war-like American Christians.

    It’s feared these radical groups could harness the passion and psychosis of misguided Christian pilgrims. The last time the Al Aqsa mosque was damaged was in 1969, when a mentally unstable Australian, Denis Rohan, set it alight. Rohan said he was acting on divine instructions. But the fire led to citywide riots and almost led to international conflict.

    Sheik Ekrima Sabri, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, told Foreign Correspondent, “If they harm or destroy the mosque, the revenge will come from all over the world, not only from Palestine. They should know they would face a huge reaction.”

    Among other troubles in the Middle East, we can well do without mentally disturbed people thinking they will bring forth the Apocalypse and the return of Christ by their own actions. Their beliefs are outside those of the mainline denominations including the Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Anglican and major Protestant denominations.

    I have noticed that some people seem to be affected by the Jerusalem Syndrome even in Sydney. They support all things Israeli right or wrong, become fanatical in Biblical interpretations concerning Israel in spite of the fact that these views are not supported by any major Christian denomination or by ranking theologians, attack anything that is Palestinian or Muslim, and portray behaviour that would normally be described as obsessive.

    We would encourage Christians who find themselves developing such obsessive interests and behaviour to talk with a sensible Christian counsellor or minister. Study your Bible, but do not be consumed by one aspect of its historical record.

    Reference: http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2006/s1710680.htm

    Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes AC MLC

  • Coroner’s findings reveals avoidable death of a young life

    Yesterday, the New South Wales coroner recommended major changes to the spa building industry after the “avoidable” drowning of an 11-year old girl. Shannon Rankin died when she was sucked underwater in a spa in the newly built Sevan Apartments block at Forster on the NSW mid-north coast in 2006.

    According to Deputy State Coroner, Paul MacMahon, the cause of Shannon’s death was drowning occurring after she became entrapped on the cover of the main drain of the spa pool. Shannon became trapped because of the significant pressure that resulted from a blockage in the main drains, which occurred during “the process of the pebble-creting of the wall and floor of the spa during its construction”.

    The Deputy State Coroner stated that the spa was dangerous because it had no emergency stop switch and the drain on the bottom was blocked. He said, “Her death was a tragedy for her family and friends, a tragedy magnified by the fact that it was avoidable”.

    Mr David Rankin, Shannon’s father, said that his daughter had become trapped at the bottom of the spa and had been sucked down by 350 kilograms of pressure, which was so strong that three grown men were unable to free her before she drowned.

    The NSW Deputy Coroner delivered several key recommendations during the inquest which include:

    1. That action is taken to prohibit the inclusion of an active main filter drain in the floor of spa pools in future constructions, and

    2. That media action be taken to inform the public as to the potential dangers associated with active main filter drains in the floor of spa pools.

    3. That action is taken to require the certification of pools and spa’s as being in compliance with statutory and other building requirements as well as being safe for proposed use by an appropriately qualified and independent expert prior to the pool or spa being handed over for use by occupants of the property on which the pool or spa is constructed.

    4. That action be taken to ensure that where a pool and/or spa forms part of a property development an occupation certificate not be issued by the relevant Principal Certifying Authority unless and until that Authority has satisfied himself or herself that the pool and or spa has been constructed in accordance with relevant statutory and other building requirements and is safe for proposed use.

    According to Richard Flankin, spokesman for Royal Life Saving Australia, older spas and ones imported from China and sold in Australia without passing through safety checks continue to pose a serious risk, and unless changes to the laws were retroactive, they would be ineffective in improving safety in older spa pools. Mr Franklin said the recommendation changes were a “good first step” but repeated an earlier call by the organisation for mandatory kill switches on spa pools.

    Rob Kruber, the operations manager for manufacturer Spa Industries, said the law needed to address the sale of Chinese imports that did not meet Australian standards. Spa pools built since 1993 are required to have two suction outlets at least one metre apart so that if one becomes blocked, pressure is released at the other suction. Mr Kruber said that some retailers were selling imported spas that contained more than one suction outlet but had not passed “entrapment” tests.

    We encourage homeowners to undertake regular safety checks on their spas and swimming pools by a licensed inspector. After this preventable death that took such a young life, it is time for the Minister for Fair Trading to implement the recommendations made by the NSW Coroner.

    References: Magistrate Paul MacMahon, Inquest touching the death of Shannon Rankin, NSW State Coroner’s Court, 16/02/10; Melissa Singer, Drain ban a start but law must deal with old spas, SMH, 18/02/10.

  • NSW Parliamentary inquiry to examine inadequate funding for special education

    Students who are behaviourally disordered, emotionally disturbed, have mental health disorders, or intellectual and/or physical disabilities now constitute a greater proportion of total public school enrolments in the state. The double impact of decreased proportionate funding and increased proportionate enrolment of students with higher support needs means public schools have never been under more pressure to deliver equity and excellence.

    Schools have often criticised the Department of Education and Training and NSW Government for: insufficient funding support for students with special needs in all school settings; a lack of special education placements; failing to fund smaller class sizes (mainstream, support units and special schools) to address the special education needs of students; inadequate professional learning opportunities and curriculum support; and inadequate support in areas such as STLA (Support Teacher Learning Assistance), school counsellor allocations, physiotherapy, and occupational and speech therapy.

    A NSW Parliamentary Inquiry has been established to enquire into the provision of education to students with a disability or special needs. Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes, Member of GPSC II along with other Committee Members, will inquire into and report on the provision of education to students with a disability or special needs attending primary or secondary schools, with a particular focus on what can be learned from International and Federal approaches, and approaches in other States and Territories.

    The terms of reference include:

    1. The nature, level and adequacy of funding for the education of children with a disability.
    2. Best practice approaches in determining the allocation of funding to children with a disability, particularly whether allocation should be focused on a student’s functioning capacity rather than their disability.
    3. The level and adequacy of current special education places within the education system.
    4. The adequacy of integrated support services for children with a disability in mainstream settings, such as school classrooms.
    5. The provision of a suitable curriculum for intellectually disabled and conduct disordered students.
    6. Student and family access to professional support and services, such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and school counsellors.
    7. The provision of adequate teaching training, both in terms of pre-service and ongoing professional training.

    Submissions close tomorrow (this deadline may be extended for a further week) and the first public hearing will be held next month on 22 March 2010.

  • NSW Government announces new “My Zone” fare structure

    The new My Zone fare structure announced by the NSW Government in February reduces the number of existing fare bands into a simpler system that will apply to trains, buses (including private) and ferries.

    The new fare structure will apply from 18 April and a website is available to explain the changes. The Government estimates that 9 out of 10 people will be no worse or better off under the new system. Tickets such as the pensioner excursion ticket will remain in place. The NSW Government estimates that the new fare structure will cost approximately $32 million in foregone revenue but argues the new structure will be easier, fairer and greener and will encourage increased patronage of the system.

    There will be: 5 rail fare bands (down from over 20); 3 bus bands; 2 ferry bands; and 3 “multi” passes allowing changes between transport modes (a daily pass which is only available across all zones as well as weekly, quarterly and annual passes for the three different zones).

    While not providing true multimodal ticketing (i.e. single/return/daily tickets across all modes within particular zones) the changes are a good first step and will see fares reduce for those travelling the furthest.

    While the fine details will need to be analysed it seems initially that this is a good initiative in that that it will be simpler for passengers, it brings private buses into a more uniform fare system, and does not penalise those who travel the furthest (in fact the fare structure will provide savings for those regularly travelling long distances). For those of us who have long looked forward to a true multimodal ticketing system this is clearly a step towards that and is sound foundation for future reform. For more information, go to: http://www.myzone.nsw.gov.au/

  • New study shows childcare toll on grandmothers’ health

    Public health Professor Dr Sunmin Lee’s research team at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, USA has focused on how various social variables can influence people’s health. As well as examining the effects of occupational stress, marital transitions, socio-economic status on cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline in elderly using cohort studies she has recently shifted her attention to the effect of childcare on older women.

    This particular investigation used the data from the ongoing Nurses Health Study in the USA. They found that of the 54,000 nurses aged 46 to 71 for whom data was collected, those who were responsible for providing childcare for their healthy grandchildren for a minimum of 9 hours per week had a 55% increased risk of heart attack. (Those women caring for unhealthy grandchildren were ruled out of the study as the extra burden on them was too difficult to measure.)

    The investigators could not determine the underlying factors responsible for this difference in heart attack risk and suggested that it may have been due to the increased stress, the extra demands made upon their time and physical stamina, the lack of time for self-care to exercise or eat properly, or other possible factors that may have led to the additional heart attacks. It may also have been the kind of women who volunteer to provide childcare take on too much, find they cannot say no, or are under burdens of guilt in relationship to their adult children who still need their extended parental care, or other subtle dynamics that surveys and statistics are not able to discern. Or it may just be that taking care of children is very demanding work, physically and emotionally.

    Their published conclusion was that high levels of care provision to grandchildren may increase the risk of coronary heart disease among women.

    Reference: November 2003, Vol 93, No. 11 | American Journal of Public Health, http://ajph.aphapublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/11/1939 accessed 17 Feb. 10

  • Australian Organ Donation Awareness Week 2010

    From Sunday 21 February to Sunday 28 February 2010 is Australian Organ Donor Awareness Week (AODAW), which is the largest public awareness campaign in Australia promoting organ and tissue donation for transplantation. People of all ages can be organ and tissue donors.

    It was over 40 years ago that the first heart transplant was performed in South Africa, and the following year the first heart transplant in Australia was performed at St Vincent’s Hospital here in Sydney. Then in 1990 that same hospital was the first in Australia to perform a single lung transplant. The Heart and Lung Unit at St Vincent’s now performs between 50 and 60 transplants every year and has performed over 1,000 transplants since 1984. Worldwide organ transplants have become a widely practiced specialty with thousands of people receiving organs from dying and dead donors.

    The rates of organ donation differ widely between countries. In the European Union, for instance, the lowest rate is in Greece at 6 per million and the highest is in Spain at 34 per million. Interestingly, studies have shown that, in countries where consent is required most people do not give their consent, and in countries where dissent is required most people do not dissent. In other words, people do not bother to express their wishes either way. As a result many donor campaigns are now promoting family communication of one’s stand on organ donation, whatever that stand is, to bring the issue to the fore. In Australia we can indicate on our state-issued driver’s license that we are willing to donate our organs at death.

    Because of the need for a steady supply of organs to transplant, why doesn’t Australia change the law to ‘assumed consent’ which means people would have to purposely ‘opt out’ not to be automatically included? One reason is that there is no guarantee this approach would work, as even the countries with assumed consent can have low levels of organ donation, such as Sweden with 15 per million or Israel at 8 per million; because the families of the deceased can still withhold their consent.

    Faith in your country’s medical system is also very important for the success of organ donation. If patients already fear or distrust the medical system, as many do, it will not help that their organs might be taken without their having knowingly ‘opted in’. Many vulnerable or hapless people, such as non-English speakers and those less literate in general, would not know how to go about ‘opting out’.

    Few modern bioethicists disagree on the moral status of organ donation and most of the world’s major religions support donation as a charitable act of great benefit to the community but the philosophical and ethical issues are still profound and controversial.

    Consider this: in surveys conducted among living donors postoperatively, and in the period of 5 years following the procedure, many have expressed an ‘extreme regret’ and adamantly declared that given the chance to repeat the procedure they would not. Many participants also reported a worsening of economic conditions after the procedure. There is, in fact, a widespread pattern of physical and financial exploitation of living donors worldwide, which has been coined the ‘new cannibalism’ by medical anthropologist Nancy Scheper-Hughes of Organs Watch, an international group that monitors the sale of human organs.

    Then there is the awkward fact that donors do not get to choose the recipients of their organs. The policies regarding organ allocation between patients are controversial e.g. should life-saving livers be given without bias to alcoholics? Or is alcoholism a disease like any other disease and its sufferers should be treated just the same as those people who have been good stewards of their bodies? Or consider this: prisoners are not discriminated against as organ recipients in the USA, and are equally eligible along with the general population. In fact, prisoner status cannot even be considered a factor when determining suitability for transplant. But many potential donors may baulk at ‘giving the gift of life’ to someone who has cruelly caused suffering to or taken the lives of others.

    The growing industry of transplantation is demanding extra funding for specialised training, specialists, and facilities to increase donation rates. But when we live with a medical system that does not even have enough nurses, general practitioners, or radiotherapists, surely the need for organ transplant specialists is of somewhat less priority? Should we as a society not focus our resources first on providing to everyone a foundation of basic healthcare?

    Studies have shown that where organs cannot be bought or sold (such as in western countries) the quality and safety are high and the donors are few. And where organs can be bought and sold (such as in some Asian countries) there is an increase of donors but the supply is not as safe or as high in quality, because there is a financial incentive to disguise illness or other unfavourable information about the donors.

    Different organs/tissues have different waiting times and success rates. The heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, eyes, heart valves, skin, bones, bone marrow, connective tissues, middle ear, and blood vessels are the major organs and tissues that can be donated by a person. The urban myth when we were younger was that the worth of the human body was about 89 cents for its basic chemical components – but it is now worth thousands of dollars for each organ and tissue segment, adding up to about $220,000 US dollars at last estimate.

    During the year 2007 there were 45,395 recorded road crashes in New South Wales and 435 people were killed. Some may ask why we shouldn’t use the bodies of accident victims for the organs that are not damaged, since they are transported to ER quickly and ready to be harvested? Wouldn’t that just be practical? Isn’t it just making use of natural resources that would otherwise go to waste? And, as it is the youngest drivers who are at the highest risk of crashing due to their inexperience, attitudes to driving and risk taking behaviour, that means most of the organs harvested would still be in very good shape. As hearts and lungs can only be preserved for 4 hours after removal, transplant decisions have to be made very quickly. The utilitarians ask why we should not make organ donation automatic for all people who die in hospital emergency rooms? The law as it stands now condemns many, some of them little children, to an unnecessary death, simply because of the shortage of willing donors while, as the British Medical Association puts it, “bodies are buried or cremated complete with organs that could have been used to save lives”. But who owns your organs, you or society? Is it possible that a compelling interest on the part of the state or society will eventually be made to overrule every individual’s right not to donate his or her organs?

    It is generally assumed in the media that people who object to organ donation are simply being sentimental. The media present a worldview in which the dead body is an inanimate object, incapable of feeling. But not everyone believes that. Many people believe they were made whole in their mother’s womb by the hand of God, and they want to eventually meet their Maker in the best state possible; they might be old and missing a few teeth but otherwise whole. Other people believe it is the mark of civilisation to have respect for the remains of the human dead and object to their body being perceived as a commodity.

    In Australia, on average 18 people die everyday because the organ they needed to live was unavailable i.e. in someone else’s body. All the major religions have accepted organ donation as a gift of life. Other religions, like those practiced by Roma Gypsies and various non-mainstream groups, are against organ transplantation, as they believe that each human cell is sacred and contains the blueprint for the whole of our being. Even the Jehovah’s Witnesses, who are against blood transfusions, will allow organ donation as long as the blood has been carefully drained from the organ before being transplanted.

    Many of the dramatic stories in the press over the years about the recipient of a new organ suddenly changing their habits, and their food choices after receiving a new heart may be due to overactive imaginations, although scientists agree there are at least 70 documented cases of transplant patients having personality changes which reflect the characteristics of their donor. In one case, after receiving a new heart and lung the American woman developed a craving for beer, chicken nuggets and green peppers. She later learned that her donor was an 18-year-old male who had loved those things. What are the implications if it is true that transplanted organs may come with their own memories and food preferences? If medical science cannot adequately explain these occurrences perhaps it should have a serious rethink of what it is doing. And what are the implications for xenotransplantation, or cross-species transplants, where pig-to-human heart, lung and liver transplants are intended? Are we perhaps solving the organ shortage crisis only to be creating another crisis of unfathomable dimension? Intervening in processes our medical science does not fully understand seems unethical.

    A number of recipients of donor organs report feeling ‘anticipatory survivor guilt’ while waiting for their donor to meet his or her untimely end, with ‘survival guilt’ being defined as the guilt that survivors feel when others have died. They knew their own life meant the sacrifice of someone else’s, and frequently they thought about the unknown person so often that a relationship arose in their minds. Others became obsessed, and after the surgery were intent on tracking down the families to make some contact and say thank you. The psychological effects of this new relationship have not been fully factored into the treatment decisions for those needing new organs despite studies showing that the psychosocial problems are adversely affecting the recipients’ quality of life.

    Another issue to consider is the changing definitions and understanding of brain death over the years, with harvesting of organs commenced on people deemed to be brain dead. Last week the press reported that doctors are now able to communicate with a man thought to be in a vegetative state for 23 years but suddenly, with new technology, revealed to have been conscious the whole time . That man is extremely fortunate his family had not permitted organ removal surgery on him. But what if organ harvesting has been carried out on other conscious people who doctors mistakenly diagnosed as brain dead? That is too horrible to contemplate but a grave question to ask those who make such decisions. There cannot be any group of people more helpless and vulnerable than those thousands of people in hospitals around the world currently deemed to be brain dead who may nonetheless be conscious and aware of each passing moment. Bodies being harvested of their organs are not even given any pain relief, as it is not believed there is any awareness of pain. But where there is such uncertainly surely prudence is required?

    The truth is that the demand for organs far outstrips supply and is ever increasing. In many countries a black market has arisen. In fact in recent years various incidents have been reported in the USA where funeral homes were selling black market body parts to ‘tissue recovery’ companies, including the 90-year-old journalist Alistair Cooke whose cancerous neck bones were recycled into some unsuspecting person paying for ‘medical-grade bone-grafts’. The entire story of the theft featured in a documentary aimed at educating the public about modern day ‘grave robbery’, and the perpetrators went to jail. Other incidents have shown cases at a California hospital of a patient’s death being hastened to secure an organ needed by another of the doctor’s patients. These appalling things are already happening. We need more stringent safeguards, not fewer. We need more sense of ownership of our bodies not less, and we should not be pressured to give them to other people.

    People know that, human nature being what it is, in a medical emergency the surgeon may not do his or her best to save the life of a registered organ donor. The doctors might figure that helping one patient to see, another to a new liver, another to a new heart, another to a new pancreas will actually help more people than saving just that one life; it is the new math. Is this the kind of world we want to live in? As philosopher Hans Jonas once pointed out, people need to trust that their physician won’t be their executioner and that no legal definition will ever empower him or her to be so.

    There are around 2000 Australians of all ages on the waiting lists for organs and tissue at any given time, and a number of them will die waiting. The Australian Organ Donor Register is Australia’s only national organ and tissue donor register.

    The Donor Register will ensure that your consent to donating organs and/or tissue for transplantation can be verified by doctors at any time – 24 hours a day, seven days a week – from anywhere in Australia. They will send you a card to carry in your wallet showing that you are registered as a donor. Then, when you die, the information about your decision will be accessed from the Donor Register, and provided to the medical authorities and your family.

    So the request to you during Australian Donor Awareness Week is to think through these controversial issues for yourself. Don’t just take anyone else’s word for it, think about what it means to you because one of these days you are going to have to make a choice. What may start out as a noble, voluntary gift by some can over time become expected from many, and then finally be made mandatory for all. We must be careful what we believe in and what we set into motion for it will have implications for personal autonomy. Surely the ‘first owners’ have the first claim to an organ, and the absolute right to decide whether to give it to someone else or not.

    For more information or to register as a potential donor please go to:
    http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/public/services/aodr/register.jsp

    Researched and written by Leslie McCawley BS, MPH

  • How to be a powerful parent

    One day I held the lift door open for a young lady who was running to catch it. I hardly recognised her even though I had employed her. I said, “You look different. You look like the cover girl from Vogue.” She blushed, pleased with the compliment.

    But she was different. Her long soft blonde curls had given way to brown permed tight ringlets, close to her head. “I wanted a different look. This is closer to my real colour anyway. I never was a blonde.” I asked: “What does your mother think of it?” With that question I released a torrent that followed us out of the lift and into the reception area.

    “Dr Moyes, that’s the whole point. I had this done because the other way was my mother’s hairstyle. She always wanted me to have long blonde curls. I hated them. But Mum always insisted. She nearly had a pink fit last night when she saw these. But she had better get used to them, because I am going to stay this way.”

    I said, “Excuse me for asking, weren’t you risking a big blow-up with your mother?” “Listen Dr Moyes, I’m not a little girl. I’m twenty-six and I can make up my own mind about hairstyles. Anyway, this was only to soften Mum up for the other changes.

    I’m moving out of home into a flat and Mum will kill me when I tell her. You won’t believe the explosion when I tell her that three of us are going to flat together, and when she finds out that one of them is Michael, World War Three will begin.

    But I have to do something. I have the money from my grandmother which was supposed to come to me when I was twenty-five, but Mum has power of attorney and she has it invested and says she’ll only given it to me when I’m married and wanting to buy a home.

    It’s my money, and I want it for the flat, and she’s got no right to hold onto it. You will hear the explosion from your place.” She turned and walked to her desk.

    Wow! I still thought of her as about nineteen, like the day she came to work for me. I recognised her mother as a strong woman whose husband had walked out on her and who was now facing her daughter’s rebellion.

    Her daughter was not walking out, but confronting her and the issue of who was running her life. Not accepting the ‘smother love’, that kind of love that consumes a spirit and makes someone the completion of another person’s expectations.

    I do not know what has happened since she married Michael, but I would guess that her mother is still trying to manipulate their lives. A powerful parent can be a disaster, wounding in heart the person needed and loved the most.

    When John the Baptist publicly declared that Herod Antipas had illegally married Herodias, who was his niece and also his sister-in-law, this thrice-married, scheming woman demanded John the Baptist be arrested. But prison was not enough for Herodias. No court would convict John the Baptist, so she planned to get him another way. She arranged, at a party when her husband was drunk, to have her beautiful young daughter Salome dance before him.

    Herodias told her daughter to infatuate the old man and that when he was ready to promise the world to the young girl she should say: “I want you to give me right now the head of John the Baptist on a platter.” Here was a powerful parent manipulating her daughter. But the old man was then caught powerless: (Mark 6:26 “The king was greatly distressed, but because of his oaths and his dinner guests, he did not want to refuse her. So he immediately sent an executioner with orders to bring John’s head. The man went, beheaded John in the prison, and brought back his head on a platter. He presented it to the girl, and she gave it to her mother.”

    Here were two adults: one powerful woman manipulating her child and the other a powerless old man like putty in the hands of a young woman.

    ABC TV produced a series on well-known Australian Families, entitled “Dynasties”. It included families like Macarthur, Wentworth, Fairfax, Grace, Packer, Murdock, Kidman, Boyd, Street, Ashton, Bing Lee, Moran, and so on. They all had at least one thing in common, an extremely powerful parent or parents. The succeeding generations were rarely of the calibre of the first generation of powerful parents. That power could be used for good and for bad. In many dynasties it was used badly.

    Powerful parents may manipulate their children, place unreal expectations upon them, crush their own individuality, override their ambition and stifle their confidence. A powerless parent often allows the child free reign, allows themselves to be walked over by demanding children, and by weakly giving in, never allows the child to recognise the boundary of authority or discipline. In both cases the child suffers and the parent/child relationship is ruined. The right use of power is fundamental to family living.

    1. Many parents feel powerless

    Parental powerlessness is seen in every age group but is most obvious in parents of young children. Chronic fatigue has become endemic with many parents. Another sign is the way some parents lose their tempers when a child will not stop crying, or wets the floor.

    We have seen men before the courts in recent days for uncontrollably beating and bashing infants for such reasons. Some of these children have died. These men have become powerless over the child and in frustration have resorted to the most mindless and savage abuses. Abuse is a sign of powerlessness.

    Older parents suffering from powerlessness may just walk away from their responsibilities, or cease to care, or leave it to someone else. Yesterday I learnt that one third of fathers whose children are diagnosed with cancer desert their families at the very time both the child and the mother need them most. The men feel powerless over cancer and just walk away.

    A good book on this is “Parent Burnout”, by Drs Joseph Procaccini and Mark Kiefaver (Doubleday, 1983). They describe how parents lose their energy resources and ultimately fail in the task they care about most: raising healthy and responsible children.

    They explain how burnout occurs. Their concept is based on five key points, (1) human energy is a precious resource that makes possible everything we wish to do; (2) energy is a finite quantity – there is a limited supply available to each of us; (3) whenever the expenditure of energy exceeds the supply, burnout begins; (4) parents who hope to accomplish the goals they have set for themselves and their children must not squander their vital resources; and (5) wasteful drains on that supply should be identified and eliminated, and priority given to re-building the reserve of energy within. Theirs is a simple remedy for parental powerlessness.

    Dr. James C. Dobson says, “It is understandable why burn-out is an occupational hazard for parents who reserve nothing for themselves. It should also be clear why concentrated parenting is a natural trap for Christians. For deeply ingrained within us is a philosophy that lends itself to concentrating on giving to each child in self-sacrifice and commitment.” (“Parenting Isn’t For Cowards” Word Books, 1987).

    Many parents, of young people in particular, go through a torturous time blaming themselves for their son or daughter’s gender confusion. This is because of two theories.

    The first concerns the part the home environment plays in some people’s homosexuality. Consequently the parents often blame themselves for the early environment in which the child developed. Maybe the father was inadequate or missing through death or removal, but the long-term emotional consequences in the surviving adult can be horrendous.

    The second theory, promoted strongly by Freud, was the belief that a powerful, dominating mother was to blame for their son’s homosexuality. Several generations of psychiatrists and psychologists have produced wide-spread self-blame among strong women for their son’s gender confusion.

    But neither of these theories by themselves seem to be adequate to explain why one percent of the population become homosexual in orientation, or why another group seem to desire to identify with them. There is some evidence that biological factors, such as the lack of the male hormone androgen during the early weeks of pregnancy means some boy babies are born with homosexual tendencies. Usually a homosexual experience is required to develop the life-style.

    In any case, the Mardi Gras, with all of its exhibitionism and shallowness leaves many parents feeling powerless and miserable. They blame themselves, usually quite unnecessarily. All they know is that, in the life-style of their homosexual son or daughter, there has been an assumption that sexual acts are the most important activity of life, that identification with a minority is somehow fulfilling, that lust is renamed love, that how they feel has become the determinant factor of what is right and wrong, that their inadequacy in heterosexual relations is overcome if they only relate in homosexual relations, and that ethical standards based upon the teaching of the Bible and the traditions of the community, are not to be compared with the feeling of the moment.

    2. Powerlessness robs both parents and children

    An Australian book, “Becoming a Powerful Parent” (Hodder & Stoughton, 1988) by Yvonne and Michael Edwards looks at what parents and children are missing. The authors are both clinical psychologists working in a professional partnership and at the same time they are successful parents and marriage partners.

    Their book provides a down-to-earth description of how two parents fully familiar with the difficulties and failures of others, as well as their own, have distilled a simple philosophy of child rearing which will be of benefit to others.

    “Becoming a Powerful Parent” states: “Whatever the age of your child – eighteen weeks or eighteen years -you are bound to feel powerless at times. This sense of powerlessness results from physical and emotional overload. In our society today, the parent has a sense of standing alone against a flood of advice and blame, without any real, solid backup. Since the 1950s parents have ceased to be a pressure group. They are fast losing potency, and more and more they begin to look at what they are – used and abused.”

    “Parents in the fifties became the great public scapegoats. They were told they had been too harsh or too soft, too demanding or too permissive, too potty-conscious or too lenient, too prying or too neglectful, too possessive or too indifferent. The measure of success became how well could the children do without them. The result of this movement was a generation of parents who became powerless, frightened, bewildered and finally docile and obedient to the dictates of their children. Their children mouthed the demands of the week, the fads of the current fashion and the morals of the bike-shed graffiti.”

    If parents lose their power then frustration and aggression often take over. Hence wife bashings and child bashings occur, where insecurity writes the script and frustration pulls the strings.

    When the parent loses a sense of authority and significance then parents and child both suffer. Powerful parents are not violent or oppressive. They are people who have accepted the great privilege of parenting in bringing up a child with love, good direction and mutual respect. That takes strength, of knowing yourself and your role.

    3. The Scriptures give us the right balance

    The Apostle Paul writes with incredible insight of the rights and responsibilities of both children and parents: (Col.3:20-21) “Children, obey your parents in everything, for this pleases the Lord. Fathers, do not embitter your children, or they will become discouraged.” Note the two-fold obligation:

    A. Children are to obey their parents

    Obedience is given ultimately, not out of fear or punishment, but of respect and love. Obedience is only given by a child to one who possesses authority. Obedience comes not as a result of force, nor by bribery or gifts, nor by emotional blackmail where the parent will not give love if obedience is not given in return. Obedience is earned from respect for strength.

    Melbourne psychologist, Dr Ronald Conway reported in his 1976 book “The Great Australian Stupor” a conversation with a rather disturbed girl from a wealthy upper class home. In explaining her situation she said, “Every time I ask Mum and Dad what they think I should do about some problem, they tell me that I’m old enough to make my own decisions, but I don’t feel old enough – not for everything, anyway. I wish they’d stop being so damned broadminded about everything and help me for a change.”

    Children obey where there is a respect for strength and authority in parents.

    B. Parents are to treat children fairly

    Paul is as modern as any contemporary psychiatrist. He declares, “Fathers, do not embitter your children, or they will become discouraged.” Some children crumble while others fight against wrong attitudes of their parents. During the 2000 Paralympics, one man, as he came down from the dais with his medal, was heard to say “Do you think now that my mother will feel there is some good in me?” He had experienced deep hurt, was deeply wounded, but lived in the hope of recognition from his mother.

    Years ago, while I was doing a course under his supervision, Dr J. Oldmeadow of the Larundel Psychiatric Hospital, told me “One of the major problems in the parent’s task is to make sure their children feel they are real people. We need to make our children feel they are real, then set them free.”

    The teaching of this scripture emphasises two principles that builds powerful parents: The principle of reciprocity where obedience is given by the child out of response to the fair authority of the parent; and the practise of fair treatment which avoids bitterness and encourages a sense of self-worth and self-esteem in the child.

    Nothing else works! Alternate care given by other people has to work hard to encourage respect and obedience, and to rebuild the self-worth, which plummets when a child is left by one or both parents, is an extremely difficult task.

    It is more essential now than ever for us to develop powerful parents, and foster parents and adoptive parents have to work doubly hard to establish this relationship.

    But any parent can grow in powerful parenting by simply trying the principles mentioned in Scripture.

    Try it! Powerful parenting, according to Yvonne and Michael Edwards, means that:

    1. Parents will feel confident about themselves and the role they play in society.
    2. Their children will accept authority. They will grow up to respect teachers, tribal elders, civil authority and the rights of others.
    3. Children will know what is reasonable.
    4. There will be less need for law enforcement agents, as the law will not be viewed as fearful.
    5. Children as they grow older will learn to drive with care and consideration for others.
    6. They will view their parents with honour and their upbringing with gratitude.
    7. They will view education as a privilege.
    8. Crime will decrease.
    9. Parents will enthusiastically praise their children’s reliability.
    10.Irresponsibility will decrease.

    The answer to the dominating and manipulative parent lies in counselling for them. Those others of us who are overwhelmed with feelings of inadequacy and impotency at our task of bringing up young lives, need to be encouraged to find inner power from our spiritual commitment and closeness to the source of all energy.

    Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes AC MLC

  • Farmers’ markets

    It was going to be a very hot Saturday so Friday night I watered the garden and gave each of the three vegetable boxes a good soak. The beans, peas, carrots, potatoes, tomatoes, cauliflower, kohlrabi, lettuce, onions, and a dozen other kinds of vegetables, are all being picked for our table and evening meal each day.

    As I have written before, there is something magical about the freshness of your own vegetables. (Click here to read previous articles on home and garden). Not that we cannot buy fresh vegetables. Early Saturday morning we went to our local farmers’ market where two hundred farmers bring their produce for sale from their stalls set up under the shade of their tents. Despite our early arrival hundreds of people were already inspecting and buying.

    Most of them practice organic farming (i.e. farming without using chemicals and insecticides). Everything is clean and fresh, and the meat from local farmers and abattoirs is delicious. Sample biscuits display all the varieties of cheeses, jams, spreads, pickles, apples, citrus, and scores of other fruits and nuts.

    The BBQ’s have samples of the lamb, beef, chicken, sausages, venison and other meats on sale. Other farmers sell wool from sheep and alpacas, leatherwork, truckloads of potatoes, wines from local vines, plants and shrubs, and a dozen different handcrafts. There is fresh honey from the hives and fresh breads from the bakery.

    People ask questions of the farmers who seem delighted to find people interested in their products and methods. Customers want information about cooking, trying new tastes, and putting a face behind their vegetables or meats. As Nick Galvin reported in his recent SMH article, “Increasingly those city folk are seeking to reconnect with, and support, the local people who produce their food.”

    There are now about two dozen farmers’ markets in the Sydney suburban region, many of them weekly, and more in the Hunter, the Illawarra, the Central Coast and other regional centres. They have become a major factor in food retailing. (One of our grand-daughters sells at the Everleigh markets, for a lady who makes homemade Christmas puddings in her kitchen. Just before Christmas she sold in one day $10,000 worth!)

    If you ever have the chance visit the Salamanca Markets in Hobart, you will just stare in wonder at the beautiful vegetables grown and displayed by the Hmong people who went to Hobart as refugees from the mountainous regions of Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and particularly Burma and who now display their traditional arts of perfect vegetable growing and display.

    Set on Hobart’s historic waterfront, Salamanca Market is Australia’s biggest, brightest and best outdoor market. Every Saturday, the Georgian warehouses of Salamanca Place look down on a bustle of colour and music, as visitors and locals come to meet, eat and pick up a bargain or two.

    Market stalls and vendors sell everything from hot baked potatoes to antiquarian books, from hand-carved craft in Tasmania’s specialty timbers to sheepskin boots. The fresh fruit and vegetable stalls are simply superb – this is the place to grab the makings of a perfect Tasmanian picnic. The market is the outstanding cultural experience of Hobart.

    Nearer at hand are the vegetable gardens of Sydney, located in the Hawkesbury region. Two hundred years ago this year, in November 1810, Governor Lachlan Macquarie recorded this diary entry: “Mrs. Macquarie and myself were quite delighted with the beauty of this part of the country; its great fertility and its picturesque appearance . . . ”

    The farmers of this region became the food providors for the colony. The regular flooding of the Hawkesbury River provided rich alluvial plains for vegetable growing as did the Hunter River at Maitland.

    Much will have changed since Governor Macquarie traveled through the region but the sheer fertility and abundant beauty are still a pleasure to see. A number of farmers have joined together in a co-operative called Hawkesbury Harvest, which also runs the farm-gate trail that brings so many visitors to the farms.

    “Hawkesbury Harvest began in 2000 and has grown steadily ever since, expanding east to the Hills District from the original area and then south to the Penrith Valley and the Wollondilly. Secretary Alan Eagle says the aim was simply to give farmers a better deal and allow consumers to buy local food. But the basic premise remains the same – allowing consumers to satisfy their desire to put a face behind that carrot or cauliflower.”

    There’s a shift in what the consumers want. People like organic but it’s about having a connection with the farmer. Consumers want to know that what they are buying and eating is fresh and that it’s grown with the least environmental impact.

    Most consumers know that apples purchased in the supermarkets have been sprayed with preservatives and may be a year old since they were picked. It is the same with other vegetables. This is all part of the Slow Food revolution, the antithesis of the Fast Food Industry.

    One farmer says, “If farmers have more direct access to the consumer and in return gets a better price, they are more inclined to maintain the quality of the land. “The whole principle of organics is soil. An organic farmer doesn’t grow vegies, he grows soil and it’s the soil that grows the vegies. If you have good, healthy soil you’ll grow healthy vegies and, likewise, eating healthy vegies makes healthy people. It would be good if everyone could feed their kids organic food and vegies but a lot of families can’t afford it. But if we can make a good return selling something at the farmers’ markets for the same price as in the supermarket – why not?”

    Growing your own vegies means you have lots of green waste. I put every piece of waste plus kitchen scraps into our two large compost bins, mix it with lawn clippings, shredded paper from my office, garden prunings, and chook and duck poo from their sheds, and turn it over every couple of weeks, to make the most beautiful compost. Barrow loads of that compost go back onto our gardens and into the large vegetable boxes, built waist high so there is no bending in digging, weeding and harvesting. What we are growing most of all is good soil which produces good food which in turn continues the cycle.

    We have no desire to be self-sufficient, but we do desire to eat fresh. We recycle all of our water which you can read about in “Practicing what I preach”. Some farmers have stopped sending their food to the wholesale market at Flemington, and instead have become a purely farm-gate operation. Their packing shed has become a cafe and shop selling their own fruit and produce plus that from other nearby farmers often smaller hobby farmers.

    Their biggest enemies are developers who want their land for housing estates, and local councils who can see a bigger return in rates from houses and so want to force the farmers out by rezoning areas. The present State Government plans a further 5000 homes to be built in the Hawkesbury agricultural area by 2030. Hawkesbury Harvest points out that Hawkesbury Council’s recent strategic plan doesn’t once mention the word “agriculture” and accuses the council of wanting “rural-living theme parks” at the expense of real farms.

    The Hawkesbury Harvest group recently made a submission to the Council which said in part: “When the sands and gravel are gone, the hydrology buggered, the microclimates changed, the landscape turned into fodder for a mower sales and repair industry and when people transit through it faster than they do now because there’s nothing of real interest to see and do, will our kids and their kids thank us for this?”

    “These small farmers cannot feed all of Sydney but would you, say, knock out Tuscany because it can’t feed Rome or the Loire Valley because it can’t feed Paris?”

    By going to the Farmers’ Market and spending our money there we are not only getting good, fresh fruit and vegetables and wholesome meat and cheese, but we are doing our bit against climate change and helping preserve the environment, and our delightful growing areas for future generations.

    Reference: http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2010/01/05/1262453584366.html

    Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes AC MLC

  • Closing Dalwood

    When Kristina Keneally became Premier she reassured that Dalwood will not be closed. Dalwood provides assessment and remedial support for children living in rural and regional New South Wales who are experiencing severe learning disorders. In December last year, the Premier pledged that children from Dalwood would not be left without the programs the school offers until an alternative was in place.

    Last week, the school finally shut its doors to students. The Dalwood Assessment Centre and the Palm Avenue boarding school was closed and its 15 specialised staff have been made redundant. According to SMH, health and education officials have not been able to find a new location to house the 100 children already referred to a four-week stay over the next two terms and cannot agree on an alternative program.

    One concerned and disheartened parent wrote:

    The Dalwood and Palm Avenue Service has been a Godsend to our family and has helped our son achieve educational results once thought unimaginable for him. In Minister Firth’s statement, she said all was well with the service and parents had nothing to fear. Unfortunately, some of the Minister’s points were wrong.

    Like many other families, I have been on the phone attempting to find out what service will be available to my son this year. We are being referred to people who have no complete understanding of how Dalwood and Palm Avenue work or how important they are. There are no clear details apart from those of the service’s dismantling.

    We know that portions of the service have already been moved to demountable accommodation in Westmead. We believe that Children’s Hospital Education Research Institute (CHERI) at Westmead have no space, staff or vision to take on the Dalwood /Palm Avenue case load, contrary to the Minister’s statement.

    We know that the Residential Accommodation at Seaforth is now empty and cannot be used again for this purpose. We know that the staff supporting the residential program left last year. We know that the residential service is usually run from the beginning of each year and were due to see children on their list from day one of term one this year, in contrast to what the Minister said.

    We are told there will be no new referrals to the Service at present. We know that the Director of Dalwood Assessment Centre has resigned and will not be replaced. We know that the remaining specialist staff at Dalwood will no longer be required after Term 2 or 3.

    I resent being told that all is well on this issue when those we are told to speak to about our children have no details about how the service will be delivered, to whom, by whom and where….I resent that an important public resource like this is being vandalised and that the individuals responsible are not being held accountable….”

    This decision has angered hundreds of parents and people involved with Dalwood and the Palm Avenue boarding school. The closing of Dalwood will leave many students from rural and regional NSW without the specialist help they need to overcome their learning difficulties.

    Children with severe learning difficulties should be in a school environment where they can continually improve their current situation. Instead, vulnerable students are learning in a clinical hospital. Dalwood has an excellent reputation for effective face-face diagnosis and teaching. Assessments are provided free of charge and is conducted by a professional team comprising clinical psychologists, speech pathologists, special education teachers and a medical officer. Closing Dalwood is yet another poor decision that reflects badly on the NSW Government.

  • Growing up fast and furious: The sexualisation of children in the media

    There is widespread concern in the community that children are being exposed to and involved in the adult world before they are ready for it. Advertising and marketing for children has been questioned when it promotes premature sexualisation both in products for children or the use of children in products for adults.

    The issue of the sexualisation of children has arisen largely through the use of images in which children are presented as being sexually precocious beyond their years. There is a concern that such images are pandering (or can pander) to those depraved aspects of adult sexuality that find their blackest expression in paedophilia and the sexual abuse of minors. There is the added worry of the effect on the child’s social and emotional development.

    Recent advertising and marketing aimed at children has led to objections to some adult products, such as bras or G-string underwear for girls, being marketed for children. Likewise there is an unease over advertising showing children in adult poses or engaging in adult behaviour. Magazines marketed to pre-pubescent girls give, under the guise of advice about boyfriends, sexual advice and present an emphasis on body image as the means to happiness and success.

    Worryingly, what the media present as suitable for children is affecting the emotional and sexual development of children. According to the Australian Psychological Society, the values implicit in sexualised images are that physical appearance and beauty are intrinsic to self-esteem and social worth, and that sexual attractiveness is a part of childhood experience. Referring to the cognitive effects of exposure to an array of sexualising images, the APS said “Girls learn to see and think of their bodies as objects of others’ desire, to be looked at and evaluated for its appearance.” They found that research links to sexualisation to three of the most common mental health problems of girls and women: eating disorders, low self-esteem, and depression.

    The issue of the sexualisation of children in Australia was highlighted in the 2006 report “Corporate paedophilia – sexualising children by advertising and marketing” by the Australia Institute. The report condemns directly sexualising content in “tween” magazines such as Bratz Magazine, Total Girl, and Girl Power. “The extension of this genre of magazine to younger ages reflects…their earlier association into the popularised teenage world of fashion, sex and pop starts. Girls are also encouraged to view men and boys as sexual objects. “

    In local 7-Elevens, Zoo Weekly and Australian Penthouse Magazines featuring digitally perfected and barely clad cover models are shelved at children’s eye level. The Australia Institute argues that these kinds of adult images and references sexualise children indirectly, and contribute to eating disorders, negative body image, depression, sexual violence toward women and children, opposite sex objectification and lowered academic performance.

    Dr Gordon Moyes said, “The sexual imagery of children is found in all media forms in our society. This places young people in very vulnerable positions where their bodies are exploited. This has a devastating effect and dire consequences on the mental and physical health of our children. Our young people are experiencing a media environment that is increasingly violent, commercialised, and sexualised. The concept of innocence should be restored.”

    Growing up fast and furious: Reviewing the impacts of violent and sexualised media on children is an important and timely conference reviewing issues with great significance for Australian children’s health and wellbeing. Three of the most highly respected international researchers will be reviewing the evidence on media violence: Professor Rowell Huesmann on the long term impacts of violent media, Professor Ed Donnerstein on internet violence and cyber bullying, and Distinguished Research Professor Craig Anderson on violent video games.

    They will be joined by Australian academics such as Professor Louise Newman on the sexualisation of children, Dr Wayne Warburton on violent music videos, Dr Cordelia Fine on children’s understanding of advertising, and Professor Elizabeth Handsley on the role of regulation and classification. This is almost certainly the most powerful selection of experts across a range of crucial media issues ever assembled for such a seminar in Australia.

    The details of the conference are as follows: Friday 19 March 2010, 9am to 5pm. It will be held at the NSW Teachers Federation Conference Centre, located in 37 Reservoir Street, Surry Hills NSW 2010. For more information visit: www.youngmedia.org.au

  • Cinema access for all: Giving the deaf and the blind a fair go

    Advocacy groups have ramped up the pressure on cinema companies for applying an exemption from the Disability Discrimination Act. Last year, Hoyts, Village, Greater Union and Reading cinema chains have asked the Australian Human Rights Commission for a two and a half year exemption from complaints about providing captioning for the deaf and audio description for the blind. In return, the cinemas say they will install the equipment to run the technology for three screenings a week in 35 cinemas in Australia.

    According to Veronica Pardon, Executive Director of Arts Access Victoria, there were more than 40,000 movies screening a week in Australia and, of these, only 105 would be captioned and audio described. Gaye Lyons from Deaf Australia said that less than 0.3 per cent of all cinema session are accessible to people who are deaf, hard of hearing, legally blind or who have vision impairments. This means that 4 million Australians are excluded from going to the cinema because of their disability.

    In a letter to Disability Discrimination Commissioner Graeme Innes, Hoyts executive Frank Perikleous said the offer would greatly expand on the 12 Australian cinemas now offering three sessions a week of current films with captioning and was being done ‘’in good faith’’ to help the disabled enjoy films. He said the proposal involved ‘’a significant investment of capital outlay’’ and was made ‘’in good faith to support, encourage and make available to the Australian community of people with a vision and a hearing impairment an increased opportunity to enjoy feature films’‘.

    There are almost 300,000 people who have both hearing and vision impairments in Australia, a number that is expected to rise to almost three million by 2050 due to our ageing population. People with deaf/blindness can have varying degrees of hearing and vision impairment and require different technologies to enable media access.

    Access technologies are available such as captioning for people who are deaf or hearing impaired and audio description for people who are blind or vision impaired. These technologies can also enable greater media access for people with deaf/blindness.

    The ‘accessible cinema’ initiative has seen the roll out of 12 cinemas with audio description and captioning facilities across the country, increasing media access for people with deaf/blindness. This initiative is a joint effort of Media Access Australia (MAA) and the Independent Cinemas Association, and is funded by the Federal Department of Health and Ageing. The new accessible cinema locations are:

    AMC Tweed Heads 6, NSW; Palace Verona, Paddington NSW; Cmax Cinemas, Palmerston NT; Cinema Nova, Carlton Melbourne VIC; Deakin Cinema Complex, Mildura VIC; Sale Cinemas, VIC; Dendy Canberra Centre, ACT; Cmax Cinemas Devonport TAS; Grand Cinemas, Bunbury, WA; Big Screen Cinemas, Hervey Bay, QLD; Palace Nova East End Cinemas, Adelaide SA; and Whyalla Cinema, SA. Each cinema will show 2 – 3 captioned screenings per week, while audio description will be available at any showing of the designated movie.

    In 2007, the US had over 830 accessible cinemas, representing about 15 per cent of locations and an accessible cinema for every 357,000 people. In 2008, the UK had over 300 cinemas, representing nearly 39 per cent of locations and an accessible cinema for every 203,000 people.

    This issue should be given importance as the number of people over the age of 65 will almost double in the next 20 years, whereas the population of Australia will only increase by about 20 per cent. This is projected to result in the number of people with vision impairment to double to 800,000 by 2020, while the number of people with hearing impairment is expected to increase from 3.5 million today to over 5 million in 2020.

    To read the Federal Government’s discussion paper, Access to Electronic Media for the Hearing and Vision Impaired, click here.

  • Definitive genetic test results from Tutankhamen’s family to be revealed

    The Pharaoh of ancient Egypt popularly known as ‘King Tut’ became ruler when he was only 9 years old. At age 18, after ruling 9 years he suddenly died and the cause of his death has never been identified. Some historians believe he died of an injury to the leg which turned gangrenous, and others believe he was murdered by a blow to the head. Adding to the suspicion of murder was the fact that he was the last ruler of the 18th dynasty, and the high priest who took his place as Pharaoh also married his young widow.

    Also mysterious has been the definite identity of King Tut’s mother. His father has long been believed to have been Pharaoh Akhnaton, although some historians believe it was another, but his mother remains unknown. Some have suggested it could be Kiya, one of Akhnaton’s several wives. These mysteries have continued unsolved for 3000 years, but new developments may soon change all that.

    Egyptian authorities are now turning to modern medical technology to further investigate. King Tut has now gone through a battery of computerised axial tomography (CAT) scans and genetic tests done on his DNA at the Cairo Museum. The DNA samples were obtained last year by Egyptian scientists not only from the mummy of the king, but also from two stillborn infants who were inexplicably buried with him. The tests will attempt to determine if the infants were fathered by King Tut with his wife Ankhesenpamon, the daughter of Nefertiti.

    DNA testing on Egyptian mummies by foreign experts has long been forbidden, and only recently have authorities allowed such projects to go ahead on the strict condition that they be carried out exclusively by Egyptian scientists. An extraordinary DNA laboratory was created on site at the Egyptian Museum, costing $A5.6 million and funded by the Discovery Television Channel.

    King Tut’s untouched tomb was discovered in the Valley of the Kings in 1922 by the British archaeologist Howard Carter. The find created a worldwide sensation from the wealth of the 30000 objects found including extraordinary jewels, solid gold sarcophagi, and beautiful artwork.

    Egyptian antiquities chief, Zahi Hawass, will announce the findings on 17 February 2010. The genetic report is expected to include the background of Tut’s family, which will be compared to those of King Amenhotep III, supposedly King Tut’s grandfather. Also included in the project have been DNA tests on all the royal mummies at the museum, which will help identify the remains of Nefertiti, one of the most beautiful women who ever lived according to legend. Hawass has inferred that the tests may reveal that some of the royal mummies on display are not who archaeologists have thought them to be all this time. We await the results with great anticipation.

    Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes AC MLC

  • How to register your phone number with the Australian ‘Do Not Call’ Register

    Many people are not aware that anyone can register by phone, online, or by post not to be called at home by telemarketers. Wouldn’t it be wonderful never to have your evening meal with your family interrupted by a sales call? This valuable service for the community is operated by the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA). What most people don’t realise is that if they already signed up some years ago for the Do Not Call Service their registration will be ending abruptly in May of this year. If you think you may be one of those who will be affected you can renew on line, by phone, or in writing so that your service will continue undisturbed.

    Once you register your phone number your registration is valid for 3 years, and renewable any time. That means that your phone number will remain on the register for three years then you can re-register for another three-year period, or let it lapse if you miss all the sales calls. The ACMA will email you when it is time for you to renew, if you provided your email address to them when you registered. Or you can check your registration expiry date online, by telephone or by mail. This service is for your home phone and mobile phone numbers, but not business phone lines or fax numbers. You are allowed to register up to 10 phone numbers over a 3-year period using the same email address. It may take up to 30 days for individual telemarketing agencies to recognise your registration, and stop calling to your number.

    If a telemarketer still calls a number that has been added to the Do Not Call Register, they may be in breach of the Act, and can face tough penalties. However, some organisations operating in the public interest are exempt from prohibition from making telemarketing calls. These include charities, religious organisations, educational institutions, government bodies, registered political parties, independent members of parliament and nominated political candidates. These exemptions are in place to ensure that these organisations and individuals can continue to provide their important services to the community. You can also still receive calls from market researchers since they are not selling anything.

    It remains legal for a business with which you have a relationship to continue to call you, even if your telephone number is on the Do Not Call Register. The Do Not Call Register legislation applies to both businesses within Australia that use overseas-based telemarketers to help solicit sales, as well as those based overseas making calls to Australian telephone numbers.

    If your number is on the Do Not Call Register and you receive a call from a telemarketer that you believe is covered by the Do Not Call Register, you can complete a complaint form on the Register website at https://www.donotcall.gov.au/regNumber.cfm or phone 1300 792 958. Enforcement options available to ACMA in relation to breaches of the Act include issuing formal warnings, issuing infringement notices with penalties of up to $110,000 per day and commencing court proceedings for the recovery of penalties up to $1.1 million. Breaches of the industry standard may incur formal warnings or court-imposed penalties of up to $250,000.

  • Those Noisy Koels

    The other day, for the first time in the 25 years that we have had our acreage on the Central Coast of NSW, I heard a common koel. It didn’t fill me with pleasure. Although found in all areas of northern and eastern Australia, these members of the cuckoo family are migrating further south every year. In fact, in the northern suburbs of Sydney most people regard them as one of the noisiest bird pests of this time of the year.

    They are hard to spot unless you look carefully for the source of their particular cry. The male koel has glossy black plumage tinged with a greenish colour and a distinctive red eye. The much quieter female is brown with white flecks, and cream and black bars. As part of the cuckoo family, the birds are shy and are heard more than seen. The adults are about the same size as a magpie. In shrubs and bushes they seem to be clumsy, knocking into the branches as they seek their berries.

    Male koels advertise their presence by repeated calling. Females are attracted to the males’ calls and they produce a ‘keek-keek-keek-keek’ call of their own in reply. The young are easier to spot, as they are extremely demanding of food from the adult birds of other species that inadvertently have adopted them. They beg loudly for food from their hapless foster parents.

    Most koels migrate from Australia to New Guinea and probably eastern Indonesia and even further north. But from September to March they come south for breeding, along the Eastern Coast down to, roughly, the Illawarra. Like other cuckoos, the common koel is a brood parasite. That is, they lay an egg in the nests of other bird species. Common hosts are the red wattlebird, honeyeaters, friarbirds, the magpie-lark and fig birds. We see them paying a great deal of attention to the magpie nests.

    Once hatched the chick forces the other eggs and hatchlings out of the nest to die. When the chick leaves the nest it roosts nearby in the outer branches of a tree, cheeping incessantly while the significantly smaller parents desperately search for sufficient food to satisfy the nagging youngster.

    This is a full-time job, as the young koel will grow to nearly twice the size of its adoptive parents. Eventually it migrates northwards, usually later than the adults, to return as a breeding bird the following spring. The female, while she only lays a single egg in any host nest, will visit many nests and lay many single eggs.

    Experts suggest that an increase in the number of host birds such as the wattle bird is the reason why the number of koels is increasing along with the females’ habit of laying eggs in multiple nests. Common koels feed almost entirely in the canopy of trees. Food consists of fruits, especially figs, and native berries such as from the Lilli Pilli.

    The common koel male advertises its presence by a loud ascending whistle or ‘koo-el’, monotonously repeated. They call throughout the day and well into the night. That is why residents of the leafy north shore of Sydney write complaining letters to the papers. One complainant wrote: “I cannot believe the length and number of discussions that have been generated over this Cuckoo. A bird with the most irritating and monotonous call known, and why anyone in their correct mind would want to know where it can be found so they can listen to it again is beyond me. It is sometimes called the fever bird and according to folklore supposed to send some people mad. I can now see some evidence supporting this so called “Old wives tale” with those smitten being commonly called “Cuckoo”! Not without reason I may add!”

    Now you can understand that when I heard them calling it did not fill me with pleasure. I will watch their numbers in future.

    Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes AC MLC

  • Governor Lachlan Macquarie’s Bicentenary

    This year marks the 200th anniversary of the swearing in of Scottish-born military officer Colonel Lachlan Macquarie as the 5th Governor of the then colony of New South Wales. He served in that capacity from 1810 to 1821, during which time he was also promoted to Major General.

    Governor Macquarie was born in 1762 to a tenant farming family on a tiny island off the coast of Scotland. His uncle paid for his education, and at age 14 he left to join the Army. He served in North America during the American colonists’ War for Independence – although he saw no action, being stationed in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

    He then served in Jamaica, India and against Napoleon’s forces in Egypt before coming to the colony of New South Wales.

    When he arrived in the colony he was given absolute authority, just as had his predecessors -including the infamous Captain William Bligh from ‘the Mutiny on the Bounty’ who served from 1806 through 1808. Macquarie got right to work, as he had a number of improvements in mind from his experience in colonial administration in other settings. His instructions from his superiors had been to “improve the Morals of the Colonists, to encourage marriage, to provide for Education, to prohibit the Use of Spirituous Liquors, to increase the Agriculture and Stock, so as to ensure the Certainty of a full supply to the Inhabitants under all Circumstances.”

    He methodically divided Sydney into five districts each overseen by a dedicated constable and named most of the Sydney streets. He proceeded to utilise the labour force made possible by the transportation of convicts from Britain to build many roads, bridges, wharves, harbours and many other projects; his administration was responsible for about 265 public works in all. He also used this human resource to work in newly established iron foundries, sawpits, limekilns, quarries, brickworks and shipyards – and all contributing to his cherished vision of a prosperous, industrious and orderly state of affairs in the colony.

    Macquarie instituted effective social reforms by issuing proclamations encouraging legal marriage, and limiting the number of alcohol outlets in the attempt to control the rampant public drunkenness, and imposed a strict curfew. During his time in office, church attendance and marriages both increased greatly.

    He established firm financial foundations by instituting the first commercial bank, The Bank of New South Wales, and a convicts’ savings bank to encourage thrift and self-reliance. He was interested in the Indigenous people and encouraged the annual gathering of the tribes, authorising a village at Elizabeth Bay for the Sydney Aboriginal peoples and an Aboriginal farm at George’s Head. He promoted the education of Aboriginal children, for which he was the first to set up an educational institution, the Native Institution.

    In fact he put a great deal of emphasis on education and its important role in nation building and by the end of his term a full 20% of state revenue was being spent on it. He encouraged the use of emancipist settlers as schoolteachers, and arranged for qualified teachers to be brought from England, as well. Macquarie opened up the whole colony to exploration and settlement, founding the first inland town, Bathurst, and also creating the towns of Campbelltown, Liverpool, Richmond, Castlereagh, Pitt Town, Wilberforce and Windsor.

    His supporters were many but his detractors and critics were more powerful. The ‘free settlers’ did not like his equal and fair treatment of freed convicts, whose talent he used extensively. He not only permitted ex-convicts to return to the rank in society they had been before their prison term, he even appointed two emancipists to the position of magistrate in 1810 and utilised extensively the talents of people like the architect Francis Greenway.

    At a time when 9 out of 10 residents were either convicts or the children of convicts his treatment of the people in his charge was unusually humanitarian and full of justice. He believed that when any prisoner had served his or her time they should be given the same opportunity as anyone else. And so, during his years in office, he granted many thousands of pardons, conditional pardons and tickets of leave. He believed in the intrinsic value of each person and the possibility of redemption; he gave second chances. He also rewarded merit and punished vice without regard to rank or status.

    He was indeed a reformer on every level. Amongst his many achievements, he introduced the first coinage, the first horse races, the first botanic gardens, and instituted agricultural fairs. Governor Macquarie was the first governor to give official recognition to Australia Day – in 1818 – and decreed it a public holiday for government workers.

    Under Governor Macquarie the colonists acquired their first places of worship, courthouses, independent newspapers, and reliable roads. He promoted cultural and civil amenities, even appointing the first Poet Laureate.

    Governor Macquarie was deeply interested in the state of the public’s sickness and health – the poor, sick, homeless, destitute and abandoned, aged, and infirm. He was influenced by Dr Cowper of St Stephens Church to set up an aid fund to assist those in desperate need. He also established the first mental health institute. He wanted to eliminate factions and work towards tolerance, harmony, and fair play. People said that generosity to others was part of his basic character.

    There is no doubt that he is inspirational to people today even though he was attacked, criticised and derided during his own day. Commissioner Bigge, who was sent by the British Government in 1819 to investigate all of the complaints against him, unfortunately sided with the critical free settlers. It is said that these two men, Bigge and Macquarie perceived the colony very differently from each other, with Macquarie seeing it as ‘an asylum on a grand scale’ while Bigge wanted it to be a free settlement. Bigge could not recognise the value of all that Macquarie had accomplished and wrote his report condemning him.

    In response to the Bigge report Governor Macquarie tendered his resignation in 1817. However it was not accepted until 1821. Thousands of people came to his farewell celebrations thankful that he had turned their grubby convict colony into the basic foundations of an infant nation. He had a grateful people. But despite this grass roots acclaim it is said that he returned to Britain broken-hearted, believing he had failed; he died soon after.

    My successor as President of the Rotary Club of Sydney, Mike Hodgetts, received a message from the Club at Oban Scotland, saying Macquarie’s mausoleum was in bad repair. So we raised funds, enlisted sponsorship from Macquarie Bank, and sent a group to the Isle of Mull to renovate the mausoleum, which is visited by tourists to this day. The tomb describes Macquarie as “The Father of Australia”.

    That is how much we in New South Wales today think of the work Lachlan Macquarie did. And we believe that he should have been knighted for his service to this colony on his return, but powerful friends of Commissioner Bigge prevented the British Government from doing so.

    We today in New South Wales know that Governor Macquarie did not fail. In fact he is revered, and acknowledged by historians as having left an outstanding legacy. This year there will be many public events and exhibits to mark his Bicentenary, any of which would be very worthwhile for family viewing. We should join together to honour this man, these 200 years later, for setting New South Wales on the path to greater things.

    Reference: N.D. McLachlan, ‘MACQUARIE,L.’, Australian Dictionary of Biography, Vol. 2, ed. Douglas Pike, pp 187 – (Melbourne University Press)

    Rev the Hon. Dr Gordon Moyes AC MLC

  • Report highlights widening gender pay gap

    To address the pay equity gap in Australia for women, a report by the House of Representatives Employment and Workplace Relations Committee was tabled in Parliament on 23 November 2009. The report, Making it Fair: Pay Equity and Associated Issues Related to Increasing Female Participation in the Workforce, recommended a raft of amendments to the Fair Work Act and Sex Discrimination Act.

    The 465-page report makes 63 recommendations to the Federal Government following an extensive parliamentary inquiry into pay equity and associated issues related to increasing female participation in the workforce.

    Committee Chair Sharryn Jackson stated, “Australia needs to take a pro-active approach to address the gender pay gap. Increasing women’s participation in the workforce will lead to increases in productivity for the nation. How can Australia afford not to do it?”

    Sex Discrimination Commissioner, Elizabeth Broderick, welcomed its release, saying it yet again highlighted the urgent and overdue need to close the growing gender pay gap. “One of the most important reforms proposed in this report is the elevation of the principle of equal pay for work of equal or comparable value from a ‘good to have’ to an ‘unambiguous obligation’”, Commissioner Broderick said.

    According to Broderick, the report provided further evidence of the systemic and worsening nature of the problem in Australia. Commissioner Broderick stated, “It is refreshing to see this report recognise the gender pay gap as systemic gender discrimination that has lifelong impacts. At its core the gender pay gap is overt and direct sex discrimination.”

    Reforms proposed in the report calls for:

    • Amending the Fair Work Act 2009 and sex discrimination legislation to make equal remuneration for men and women employees for work of equal or comparable value the explicit object of the legislation;
    • The Federal Government elevating pay equity as a clear objective of modern awards;
    • The Australian Industrial Relations Commission reporting to the Committee prior to the finalisation of the awards on how pay equity principles have been achieved;
    • Amending the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 to make it mandatory for employers who are repeat offenders discriminating on the basis of pregnancy or carer’s responsibility to be required to attend counselling or an approved training course;
    • Government leadership strategies including annual pay equity audit reporting for all government agencies;
    • Minimising ‘red tape’ for business;
    • Establishment of a Pay Equity Unit with education, research and enforcement roles to focus approached to address the gender pay gap; and
    • Removal of the exemption from the payment of the 9 per cent superannuation charge for employees who earn less than $450 per month.